Ankomsttidspunktet står på afgangstavlen.

It is a compound noun, which is very common in Danish.

• ankomst = arrival
• tidspunkt = point in time / time
• -et = the for a neuter noun

So ankomsttidspunktet literally means the arrival time / the time of arrival.

Danish often combines words into one long noun where English would use several separate words.

Because Danish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English the.

Here, the base noun is tidspunkt, which is a neuter noun (et tidspunkt = a point in time).
Its definite form is therefore tidspunktet = the point in time.

Since ankomsttidspunkt is built around tidspunkt, the whole compound takes the definite ending:

• et ankomsttidspunkt = an arrival time
• ankomsttidspunktet = the arrival time

Because the main noun in that compound is tavle, and tavle is a common gender noun.

• en tavle = a board
• tavlen = the board

So:

• afgangstavle = departure board
• afgangstavlen = the departure board

A quick pattern:

• common gender nouns usually take -en in the definite singular
• neuter nouns usually take -et

In Danish, stå is often used when information is written, printed, displayed, or shown somewhere.

So står på afgangstavlen means something like:

• is shown on the departure board
• appears on the departure board
• literally, stands on the departure board

This is very natural in Danish. English usually would not say the arrival time stands on the board, but Danish does.

You will see the same idea in sentences like:

• Det står i avisen. = It says so in the newspaper.
• Mit navn står på listen. = My name is on the list.

Because Danish uses på for things that are on a surface or displayed on something like a board, list, sign, or screen.

So:

• på tavlen = on the board
• på listen = on the list
• på skærmen = on the screen

In this sentence, på afgangstavlen means on the departure board.

This is more about real-world usage than grammar.

A departure board can show several kinds of information connected with a train, plane, or bus, including scheduled or updated times. In some contexts, the sentence may sound slightly odd in English, but it is still grammatically fine in Danish.

So the grammar is completely normal even if the exact situation depends on context.

The sentence follows normal Danish main clause word order:

• Ankomsttidspunktet = subject
• står = verb
• på afgangstavlen = prepositional phrase

So it is:

Subject + Verb + Adverbial/Prepositional phrase

That is the standard pattern in a simple statement.

Yes, in many situations you probably could.

• ankomsttiden = the arrival time
• ankomsttidspunktet = the arrival time / the time of arrival / the arrival point in time

Tidspunkt sounds a bit more precise or formal, because it literally means point in time.
Tid is simpler and often more everyday.

So both can work, but ankomsttidspunktet may sound slightly more exact.

Because Danish usually expresses the by adding an ending to the noun.

Examples from this sentence:

• tidspunktet = the point in time
• tavlen = the board

This is one of the biggest differences from English.
English says:

• the board

Danish usually says:

• tavlen

with the article attached to the end.

They would be:

• et ankomsttidspunkt = an arrival time
• en afgangstavle = a departure board

So the definite sentence:

• Ankomsttidspunktet står på afgangstavlen.

is built from these indefinite base forms:

• et ankomsttidspunkt
• en afgangstavle

Then the nouns become definite:

• ankomsttidspunktet
• afgangstavlen

It is another compound noun:

• afgang = departure
• tavle = board

So:

• afgangstavle = departure board
• afgangstavlen = the departure board

This is very typical Danish: instead of using a phrase like board for departures, Danish simply combines the nouns.

No. In modern Danish, nouns are not capitalized unless they begin the sentence or are part of a proper name.

So in this sentence:

• Ankomsttidspunktet is capitalized only because it is the first word.
• afgangstavlen is lowercase, which is normal.

A rough learner-friendly pronunciation might be something like:

AHN-koms-tee-spoong-ted staw paw ah-gangs-tav-len

A few useful notes:

• ankomst: the t is not strongly pronounced
• tidspunktet: the d in tid is soft, and the whole compound tends to flow together
• står sounds roughly like staw
• på sounds like paw
• afgangstavlen has the stress mainly near the beginning

The exact sounds are tricky, but the main thing is to hear the compounds as single words rather than trying to separate every part too much.