Selvrisikoen gælder for indsigelsen.

Because Danish usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun.

• en selvrisiko = a deductible / an excess
• selvrisikoen = the deductible / the excess
• en indsigelse = an objection / a dispute
• indsigelsen = the objection / the dispute

Both nouns here are common gender nouns, so the definite singular ending is -en.

A useful extra point: if there is an adjective before the noun, Danish often uses both a separate article and the definite ending:

• den høje selvrisiko = the high deductible

The dictionary forms are:

• en selvrisiko
• en indsigelse

Those are the indefinite singular forms, the forms you would normally look up in a dictionary.

Their common forms are:

• en selvrisiko → selvrisikoen → selvrisikoer → selvrisikoerne
• en indsigelse → indsigelsen → indsigelser → indsigelserne

So if you want to strip the sentence back to base forms, you get:

• selvrisiko
• gælde
• indsigelse

Because gælder is the present tense form.

• at gælde = infinitive, to apply / to be valid
• gælder = present tense, applies / is valid

So:

• Selvrisikoen gælder for indsigelsen = The deductible applies to the objection/dispute

A very important Danish grammar point is that the verb does not change for person:

• jeg gælder would be unusual in meaning, but grammatically the form is still gælder
• du gælder
• den gælder
• de gælder

Unlike English, Danish does not add different endings like apply / applies depending on the subject.

Here gælder for means applies to or is valid for.

So the structure is:

• X gælder for Y = X applies to Y

In your sentence:

• Selvrisikoen = the deductible
• gælder for = applies to
• indsigelsen = the dispute/objection

You often see gælde in this kind of administrative, legal, or insurance language:

• Reglen gælder for alle kunder = The rule applies to all customers
• Tilbuddet gælder for nye medlemmer = The offer applies to new members

Because gælde for is the normal Danish pattern when you want to say that something applies to a person, case, category, or situation.

English speakers often want to translate word-for-word, but prepositions do not match perfectly across languages. In Danish, for is the natural choice in this structure.

Compare:

• Reglen gælder for børn = The rule applies to children
• Denne pris gælder for onlinekøb = This price applies to online purchases

Using til here would sound wrong, because til usually suggests direction, destination, or recipient, not applicability.

Normally, no; that would not sound natural in this context.

With the meaning applies to, Danish usually wants gælder for.

This is a useful distinction:

• Det gælder mig = It concerns me / It applies to me in a more personal sense
• Reglen gælder for mig = The rule applies to me

So gælde can sometimes appear without for, but that is not the pattern used in your sentence. For a rule, fee, deductible, condition, or policy, gælder for is the safer and more idiomatic choice.

Yes, it is fairly formal and is especially common in:

• legal language
• banking
• insurance
• official or administrative communication

Depending on context, English might translate it as:

• objection
• dispute
• claim
• contestation

In everyday speech, Danes might sometimes use other words instead, depending on the situation, such as:

• klage = complaint
• indvending = objection
• protest = protest/objection

But these are not always exact substitutes. Indsigelse often sounds more official and procedural.

It sounds correct and natural, but definitely somewhat formal / institutional.

A Dane would expect this kind of sentence in:

• insurance terms
• bank correspondence
• legal information
• official conditions

It is not strange Danish at all; it just belongs to a more administrative register.

A more conversational rewording would depend on context, but it might be something like:

• Der er selvrisiko på indsigelsen
• Du skal betale selvrisiko for indsigelsen

Those are not exact replacements in every situation, but they sound more everyday and less formal.

Yes, but Danish main clauses follow the V2 rule, which means the finite verb must stay in the second position.

Your sentence has the neutral order:

• Selvrisikoen | gælder | for indsigelsen

You can move another element to the front for emphasis, but then the verb still stays second:

• For indsigelsen gælder selvrisikoen

That version is grammatical, but it sounds more marked and formal. The original sentence is the most neutral way to say it.

So for learners, the safest choice is to keep:

• subject + verb + rest

unless you specifically want emphasis or a more formal written style.