Světlomilný sukulent stojí u okna.

Světlomilný literally means light-loving.

It is made from:

• světlo = light
• milný / -milný = loving, fond of

So světlomilný sukulent is a succulent that likes light. In natural English, you would often translate it as a light-loving succulent or simply a succulent that needs a lot of light.

This type of compound adjective is fairly common in Czech.

Because světlomilný has to agree with sukulent.

In this sentence:

• sukulent is masculine singular
• it is the subject
• so it is in the nominative singular

The adjective must match that, so we get:

• světlomilný sukulent

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too. For example:

• světlomilná rostlina = a light-loving plant
  because rostlina is feminine
• světlomilné kaktusy = light-loving cacti
  because kaktusy is plural

Sukulent is in the nominative case because it is the subject of the sentence — the thing doing the action or being described.

The basic structure is:

• Světlomilný sukulent = the subject
• stojí = the verb
• u okna = a prepositional phrase meaning by/near the window

So the sentence is built like:

• The light-loving succulent
  • stands/is placed
    • by the window

Yes, stojí literally means stands. It is the 3rd person singular form of stát.

Here:

• stát = to stand
• stojí = he/she/it stands

But in Czech, just like in English sometimes, standing can describe where an object is placed. So for things like plants, bottles, furniture, and similar objects, stojí often means:

• is standing
• is placed
• is positioned

So in this sentence, stojí u okna is very natural Czech for:

• is standing by the window
• is by the window
• is placed near the window

Yes, but it would feel different.

• Sukulent je u okna. = The succulent is by the window.
• Sukulent stojí u okna. = The succulent is standing/placed by the window.

Je is more neutral and simply states location.
Stojí gives a more visual sense of physical position — the plant is standing there, for example in a pot on a windowsill or nearby surface.

Czech often prefers these more concrete position verbs where English might just say is.

Because the preposition u requires the genitive case.

The dictionary form is:

• okno = window

But after u, it changes to genitive singular:

• u okna = by / near the window

So:

• u
  • genitive

This is something you simply have to learn with the preposition. Many Czech prepositions always require a specific case.

In this sentence, u means something like:

• by
• near
• at

So u okna means:

• by the window
• near the window

It does not mean in the window. If you wanted in the window, you would need a different expression, depending on the exact meaning:

• v okně = in the window
• na okně = on the windowsill / on the window

So u okna specifically gives the idea of being next to or close to the window.

Here okna is the genitive singular of okno.

Basic pattern:

• nominative singular: okno
• genitive singular: okna

This is a regular pattern for many neuter nouns ending in -o.

So:

• okno = window
• u okna = by the window

Be careful, because okna can also be nominative plural in other contexts:

• okna jsou otevřená = the windows are open

So the form okna can mean different things depending on context.

Because Czech has no articles.

English distinguishes:

• a succulent
• the succulent

Czech usually just says:

• sukulent

Whether it means a succulent, the succulent, or sometimes just succulents in general depends on context.

So:

• Světlomilný sukulent stojí u okna.

could mean:

• A light-loving succulent is standing by the window
• The light-loving succulent is standing by the window

The surrounding context tells you which one is meant.

Yes, it can be changed, because Czech word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral order here is:

• Světlomilný sukulent stojí u okna.

But you could also say:

• U okna stojí světlomilný sukulent.

That version puts more focus on u okna — by the window.

You could also hear:

• Světlomilný sukulent u okna stojí.

That is less neutral and would usually depend on a special context or contrast.

So Czech word order often reflects focus, emphasis, or what is already known vs. new information, not just grammar.

Stojí is pronounced approximately like STO-yee.

A few helpful points:

• sto- sounds roughly like sto in store, but shorter and cleaner
• j in Czech sounds like English y
• í is a long ee sound

So:

• stojí ≈ sto-yee

The long vowel matters in Czech, so í should be held a bit longer than a short i.

A rough English-friendly approximation is:

SVYET-lo-mil-nee

A few details:

• svě sounds roughly like svye
• tlo is pronounced clearly; Czech allows consonant clusters that may feel dense to English speakers
• mil sounds like meel but with a short i
• final ný has a long ý, pronounced like a long ee

So very roughly:

• světlomilný ≈ SVYET-lo-mil-nee

The stress in Czech is almost always on the first syllable, so:

• SVĚTlomilný

Yes, sukulent is a normal Czech word for succulent.

In this sentence it is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

That is why the adjective takes the masculine nominative singular form:

• světlomilný sukulent

In practice, Czech also often uses broader plant words depending on context, such as:

• rostlina = plant
• kaktus = cactus

But sukulent is perfectly normal if you specifically mean a succulent.

Yes, it sounds natural.

It is a normal descriptive sentence:

• Světlomilný sukulent stojí u okna.

It sounds like something you might read in:

• a plant-care text
• a description of a room
• a simple learner example

A native speaker might also say:

• Světlomilný sukulent je u okna.
• Sukulent stojí u okna, protože potřebuje hodně světla.

But your original sentence is fully natural and idiomatic.