Stínomilná pokojová rostlina stojí v rozptýleném světle.

Because both adjectives describe the noun rostlina.

• stínomilná = shade-loving
• pokojová = indoor, house-
• rostlina = plant

So stínomilná pokojová rostlina means something like a shade-loving houseplant.

In Czech, it is very normal to stack adjectives before a noun like this. Both adjectives must agree with rostlina in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: nominative

That is why they both end in -á.

Stínomilná means shade-loving or preferring shade.

It is a compound adjective:

• stín = shade, shadow
• -milný / -milná = loving, fond of

So literally it is something like shade-loving.

Because it describes rostlina, which is feminine singular, the form is stínomilná. The dictionary form would be stínomilný.

Yes, stojí literally means stands. It is the 3rd person singular present tense of stát.

In Czech, stát is often used for things that are physically standing somewhere, especially upright objects or things placed in a location. A potted plant can naturally stát somewhere.

So in this sentence, stojí is not strange at all. It means something like:

• stands
• is standing
• sometimes more naturally in English: is positioned

Czech often uses a more physical verb here than English does.

Sometimes, but it would not mean exactly the same thing.

• Rostlina stojí v rozptýleném světle.
  = The plant is standing / placed in diffused light.

• Rostlina je v rozptýleném světle.
  = The plant is in diffused light.

The version with stojí sounds more concrete and natural if you are talking about where the pot or plant is placed. The version with je is grammatically possible, but less vivid.

Because the preposition v here means in, and with that meaning it normally takes the locative case.

The noun is:

• světlo = light

After v, it becomes locative singular:

• v světle would be wrong
• ve světle or v světle can exist in other contexts
• here the full phrase is v rozptýleném světle

The adjective also has to agree with the noun:

• rozptýlené světlo = diffused light
• v rozptýleném světle = in diffused light

So:

• světlo is neuter singular
• locative singular ending gives světle
• the adjective becomes rozptýleném

Because rozptýlené would be the form used in the nominative/accusative neuter singular, for example:

• rozptýlené světlo = diffused light

But after v in this sentence, Czech needs the locative:

• v rozptýleném světle

So the adjective changes from rozptýlené to rozptýleném to match the case of světle.

The infinitive is stát = to stand.

Here is the relevant present-tense form:

• on / ona / ono stojí = he / she / it stands

Since rostlina is singular, the verb is also singular:

• rostlina stojí

In the present tense, Czech verbs generally do not show gender. They show person and number.

So:

• rostlina stojí = the plant stands
• strom stojí = the tree stands
• auto stojí = the car stands / is standing

All of these use stojí in the 3rd person singular.

Gender becomes much more visible in the past tense, for example:

• rostlina stála
• strom stál
• auto stálo

Czech has no articles like a or the.

So rostlina can mean:

• a plant
• the plant

You understand which one is meant from context.

In a sentence like this, English might translate it as either:

• A shade-loving houseplant stands in diffused light
• The shade-loving houseplant stands in diffused light

In practice, this kind of sentence often sounds like a general statement or care instruction, so English may prefer something smoother such as A shade-loving houseplant should be kept in diffused light, even though the Czech sentence itself does not literally say should.

No, Czech word order is relatively flexible.

The neutral order here is:

• Stínomilná pokojová rostlina stojí v rozptýleném světle.

But Czech can move parts around for emphasis, for example:

• V rozptýleném světle stojí stínomilná pokojová rostlina.

That might emphasize where it stands.

Even though the word order can change, the endings still show the grammatical relationships, so the meaning usually remains clear.

No. V is the natural choice here.

• v rozptýleném světle = in diffused light

Using na would sound wrong or unnatural in this context. Czech uses v for being in a lighting environment or condition.

So when talking about light conditions for a plant, v rozptýleném světle is the correct phrase.

The subject is stínomilná pokojová rostlina.

A good clue is that it is in the nominative case, which is the usual case for the subject. The verb stojí agrees with it in number:

• singular subject
• singular verb

The phrase v rozptýleném světle is not the subject; it is a prepositional phrase telling you where / in what lighting conditions the plant stands.

Here are the basic dictionary forms:

• stínomilná → stínomilný
• pokojová → pokojový
• rostlina → rostlina
• stojí → stát
• rozptýleném → rozptýlený
• světle → světlo

This is useful because Czech words often change their endings depending on case, gender, number, and verb conjugation.