Stůl je příliš nízký.

A natural pronunciation is roughly:

stoohl yeh przhee-lish nee-skee

A few important points:

• Stůl:
  
  • ů is a long u sound, like a longer oo in food.
• je:
  
  • pronounced yeh.
• příliš:
  
  • př is difficult for English speakers because of ř, a special Czech sound.
  • If you are a beginner, an approximation like przhee-lish is fine at first.
• nízký:
  
  • í and ý are both long vowels here.
• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word:
  STŮL je PŘÍliš NÍZký.

Je means is.

It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb být (to be):

• jsem = I am
• jsi/jseš = you are
• je = he/she/it is
• jsme = we are
• jste = you are
• jsou = they are

So:

• Stůl je nízký = The table is low
• Stůl je příliš nízký = The table is too low

Because nízký has to agree with stůl.

In this sentence:

• stůl = masculine, singular
• so the adjective also takes the masculine singular form: nízký

This is called agreement.

Compare:

• Stůl je příliš nízký. = masculine singular
• Židle je příliš nízká. = feminine singular
• Okno je příliš nízké. = neuter singular
• Stoly jsou příliš nízké. = plural

So the ending -ý is not random; it matches the noun.

Stůl is in the nominative singular.

It is the subject of the sentence, so nominative is the expected case.

Also, after je in this kind of sentence, the adjective is nominative too:

• stůl = nominative singular
• nízký = nominative singular masculine

So the sentence structure is basically:

subject + to be + adjective

Czech usually does not use articles like English a/an and the.

So:

• stůl can mean a table or the table
• the exact meaning depends on context

That is completely normal in Czech.

If needed, Czech can add words like:

• ten stůl = that/the table
• jeden stůl = one/a table

But in a simple sentence like Stůl je příliš nízký, no article is necessary.

No. Příliš means too, not very.

So:

• příliš nízký = too low
• velmi nízký = very low

That difference is important:

• velmi = a high degree
• příliš = more than is acceptable or desirable

Examples:

• Je velmi nízký. = It is very low.
• Je příliš nízký. = It is too low.

Yes, Czech word order is more flexible than English, but the neutral order here is:

Stůl je příliš nízký.

That is the most natural basic version.

You may also hear different orders for emphasis, for example:

• Příliš nízký je ten stůl.
• Ten stůl je příliš nízký.

But these usually add a special emphasis or contrast.

For a learner, the safest choice is to keep:

subject + je + příliš + adjective

Because Czech spelling marks important pronunciation differences.

In this sentence:

• ů in stůl = long u
• í in příliš and nízký = long i
• ý in nízký = long y/i-type vowel
• š in příliš = sh
• ř in příliš = the special Czech ř sound

These marks are not optional. They are part of the correct spelling.

For example:

• nizky is not correct Czech spelling
• nízký is correct

In modern Czech pronunciation, they are usually pronounced the same or almost the same: a long ee sound.

However, Czech keeps both spellings because they matter for:

• grammar
• word patterns
• correct spelling

So in nízký:

• í and ý sound similar
• but the spelling still matters

For learners, the main thing is:

• pronounce both as long vowels
• learn the correct spelling word by word

In Czech, every noun has a grammatical gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter.

Stůl is a masculine inanimate noun. You often learn this together with the noun itself, because gender affects:

• adjective endings
• pronouns
• declension patterns

That is why you say:

• ten stůl
  not
• ta stůl
• to stůl

And that is also why the adjective is:

• nízký
  not
• nízká
• nízké

Normally, no.

In this sentence, je is needed because Czech uses the verb být (to be) in the present tense:

• Stůl je nízký.
• Stůl je příliš nízký.

Leaving it out would sound ungrammatical in standard Czech.

So unlike some languages where is can be omitted, Czech requires it here.

You negate je by changing it to není:

• Stůl není příliš nízký. = The table is not too low.

You could also negate the adjective in a different way depending on meaning, but the standard sentence negation is with the verb:

• je → není

More examples:

• Stůl je nízký. = The table is low.
• Stůl není nízký. = The table is not low.

Then both the verb and the adjective may change.

Examples:

• Židle je příliš nízká. = The chair is too low.
  
  • feminine singular
• Okno je příliš nízké. = The window is too low.
  
  • neuter singular
• Stoly jsou příliš nízké. = The tables are too low.
  
  • plural

Notice:

• je becomes jsou in the plural
• nízký changes form to match the noun

This agreement system is a core part of Czech grammar.