Pohorky jsou špinavé.

Pohorky means hiking boots or trekking boots specifically, not just boots in general.

If you wanted a more general word, Czech often uses boty for shoes/boots depending on context.

So pohorky is a more specific noun than just boots.

It can mean one pair of hiking boots.

Just like English says The boots are dirty, Czech uses the plural pohorky jsou špinavé for a pair. Of course, it could also refer to more than one pair if the context says so, but very often it simply means one pair.

The singular is pohorka.

It is a feminine noun. That matters because adjectives in Czech have to agree with the noun’s gender and number.

So:

• singular: pohorka
• plural: pohorky

Even though boots are objects, the noun is still grammatically feminine. Czech grammatical gender is a grammar category, not biological sex.

Jsou is the 3rd person plural present form of být = to be.

Because pohorky is plural, the verb also has to be plural:

• pohorka je špinavá = one hiking boot is dirty
• pohorky jsou špinavé = hiking boots are dirty

So jsou matches the plural subject.

Because the adjective has to agree with pohorky in number and gender.

• špinavá would be singular feminine
• špinaví is used for masculine animate plural
• špinavé is the correct standard form here for feminine plural

So:

• pohorka je špinavá
• pohorky jsou špinavé

That -é ending is exactly what you expect with this plural noun.

Pohorky is in the nominative plural, because it is the subject of the sentence.

Špinavé is also in the nominative plural, agreeing with the subject as a predicate adjective after být.

So the structure is basically:

• subject: pohorky
• verb: jsou
• predicate adjective: špinavé

Because Czech does not have articles like a or the.

So Pohorky jsou špinavé can mean:

• The hiking boots are dirty
• or, depending on context, Hiking boots are dirty

Usually the context tells you whether the speaker means a specific pair or just hiking boots in general.

A helpful guide:

• pohorky → stress on the first syllable: PO-horky
• jsou → one syllable
• špinavé → stress on the first syllable: ŠPI-navé

A few key points:

• š sounds like English sh
• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word
• é is a long e sound
• jsou is often pronounced in casual speech almost like sou, even though it is spelled jsou

So a rough learner-friendly pronunciation is:

PO-hor-ki | (y)sou | SHPI-na-vé

Yes. Czech word order is more flexible than English.

The neutral, most basic order here is:

Pohorky jsou špinavé.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Špinavé jsou pohorky. → emphasis on dirty
• Jsou špinavé. → the subject is omitted because it is understood from context

So the given sentence is the normal, unmarked way to say it.

Not in a normal full sentence like this.

In standard Czech, you need the present tense of být here:

• Pohorky jsou špinavé. ✅

If you say only Špinavé pohorky, that is not a full sentence. It means dirty hiking boots as a noun phrase, not The hiking boots are dirty.

So in this sentence, jsou should stay.