Likvidátor potřebuje prohlídku.

Because prohlídku is in the accusative singular. It is the direct object of potřebuje.

• Dictionary form: prohlídka
• In this sentence: prohlídku

For many feminine nouns ending in -a, the accusative singular changes -a → -u.

So:

• prohlídka = nominative, the basic form
• prohlídku = accusative, used for the thing someone needs

Because likvidátor is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative singular.

In Likvidátor potřebuje prohlídku, the structure is:

• Likvidátor = the one doing the needing
• potřebuje = needs
• prohlídku = what is needed

So likvidátor remains in its basic dictionary form.

Potřebuje is the 3rd person singular present tense of potřebovat.

So:

• já potřebuji / potřebuju = I need
• ty potřebuješ = you need
• on/ona/ono potřebuje = he/she/it needs

Because likvidátor is singular, the verb must also be singular:

• Likvidátor potřebuje = The liquidator/adjuster needs

Czech normally does not use articles like English the or a/an.

So Likvidátor potřebuje prohlídku could mean:

• The liquidator needs an inspection
• A liquidator needs the inspection

Which one sounds best depends on the context. Czech usually leaves that to the situation rather than marking it with an article.

No. Czech word order is fairly flexible because case endings show what each word is doing.

The most neutral order is:

• Likvidátor potřebuje prohlídku.

But you could also say:

• Prohlídku potřebuje likvidátor.
• Likvidátor prohlídku potřebuje.

These alternatives can sound more marked and may shift the emphasis:

• starting with prohlídku emphasizes the inspection
• ending with potřebuje can emphasize the need itself

For a learner, subject + verb + object is the safest default.

The case ending tells you.

• likvidátor is nominative, so it is the subject
• prohlídku is accusative, so it is the direct object

In English, word order usually tells you this. In Czech, endings do a lot of that work.

That is why Czech can move words around more easily than English.

Yes, it matters.

• likvidátor is masculine animate
• prohlídka is feminine

Gender affects things like:

• adjective endings
• past tense forms
• pronouns
• some numeral patterns
• case endings

In this sentence, gender especially helps explain why prohlídka changes to prohlídku in the accusative.

A rough learner-friendly pronunciation is:

• po-tře-bu-ye

The tricky part is ř, which is a special Czech sound. English does not really have it. A rough approximation is something like rzh, but that is only an approximation.

A very rough full pronunciation guide for the sentence is:

• LIK-vi-daa-tor po-trzhe-boo-ye pro-HLEED-koo

A few helpful notes:

• prohlídku has a long í
• j in Czech sounds like English y
• uje in potřebuje sounds roughly like oo-ye

No. Prohlídka can have several related meanings depending on context, such as:

• inspection
• examination
• check-up
• viewing
• tour

So the exact English translation depends on the situation.

For example:

• lékařská prohlídka = medical examination/check-up
• prohlídka bytu = viewing of an apartment
• technická prohlídka = technical inspection

So even if you already know the intended meaning here, it is good to remember that the Czech noun is broader than one single English word.

Yes, if the context already makes the subject clear.

You could say:

• Potřebuje prohlídku.

That means:

• He/she/it needs an inspection/examination.

Czech often drops subject pronouns and sometimes leaves the subject unstated when it is obvious from context. But if you specifically want to say that the liquidator/adjuster is the one who needs it, then keeping likvidátor is natural.

The infinitive is potřebovat = to need.

From that verb you get forms like:

• potřebuje = needs
• potřeboval = needed
• bude potřebovat = will need

So this sentence in other tenses could be:

• Likvidátor potřeboval prohlídku. = The liquidator/adjuster needed an inspection.
• Likvidátor bude potřebovat prohlídku. = The liquidator/adjuster will need an inspection.

This is useful because once you recognize potřebuje, you can connect it to the dictionary form potřebovat.