الغسالة جديدة.

• الغسالة = the washing machine
• جديدة = new

So the full sentence means The washing machine is new.

In Arabic, the verb to be is usually not written or spoken in the present tense when connecting a subject and a description.

So:

• الغسالة جديدة = The washing machine is new

But in English, you must say is. In Arabic, the meaning is understood without it.

Because this sentence is not a single noun phrase like the new washing machine. It is a full sentence:

• الغسالة = the washing machine
• جديدة = new

So it works like:

• The washing machine
  • is new

In Arabic, this kind of sentence often has:

• a noun first
• then a describing word after it

If you wanted to say the new washing machine as one phrase, you would say:

• الغسالة الجديدة

That is different from الغسالة جديدة.

Because الغسالة is a feminine noun, so the adjective must also be feminine.

• masculine: جديد = new
• feminine: جديدة = new

Arabic adjectives agree with the noun in gender.

So:

• كتاب جديد = a new book
• غسالة جديدة = a new washing machine

A big clue is the ending ـة (called taa marbuuTa).

Many Arabic nouns ending in ـة are feminine, including:

• غسالة
• سيارة
• مدرسة

Because الغسالة is feminine, the adjective describing it must also be feminine: جديدة.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, meaning the.

So:

• غسالة = a washing machine / washing machine
• الغسالة = the washing machine

This tells you the noun is definite.

Because here جديدة is the predicate of the sentence, not an adjective inside a noun phrase.

Compare these:

1. الغسالة جديدة
   = The washing machine is new
   Here جديدة is indefinite and acts like the description in a full sentence.

2. الغسالة الجديدة
   = the new washing machine
   Here الجديدة is an adjective directly attached to the noun, so it matches it in definiteness and takes الـ too.

This is a very important difference in Arabic.

It is pronounced approximately al-ghassaalah.

A rough breakdown:

• ال = al
• غ = a deep throaty sound, often written gh
• سا = saa
• لة = lah / la

So: al-ghas-saa-lah

The sound غ does not exist in English, so learners often approximate it with the gh sound used in transliteration.

It comes from the root غ س ل, which is connected with washing.

Related words include:

• غسل = washing / to wash
• غسالة = washing machine

So غسالة is literally something like a washing device/machine.

It is a nominal sentence in Arabic, because it begins with a noun:

• الغسالة = the washing machine

Arabic has two major sentence types:

• nominal sentence: starts with a noun
• verbal sentence: starts with a verb

Since this one starts with الغسالة, it is a nominal sentence.

In fully vocalized formal Arabic, yes, the sentence would often appear as:

• الغسالةُ جديدةٌ

with:

• ـُ on الغسالة
• ـٌ on جديدة

These endings show grammatical case and indefiniteness. But in normal everyday writing, short vowels and case endings are usually omitted, so you commonly see:

• الغسالة جديدة

Both represent the same sentence.