أمي تحب الصورة التي في الغرفة.

A careful MSA reading with full case endings is:

ʾummī tuḥibbu aṣ-ṣūrata allatī fī al-ghurfati

In normal pause, final short vowels are often not pronounced, so you may hear something closer to:

ʾummī tuḥibbu aṣ-ṣūrah allatī fī al-ghurfah

A few useful notes:

• أمي = ʾummī
• تحب = tuḥibbu
• الصورة = aṣ-ṣūra
• التي = allatī
• الغرفة = al-ghurfa

The ي here is the possessive suffix meaning my.

So:

• أم / أمّ = mother
• أمي = my mother

This suffix is very common in Arabic:

• كتابي = my book
• بيتي = my house
• أخي = my brother

So أمي is literally mother + my.

Because the subject is أمي (my mother), which is feminine singular.

In the present tense, Arabic uses different prefixes depending on the subject. For she, the verb usually begins with تـ.

So:

• هو يحب = he loves/likes
• هي تحب = she loves/likes

Since أمي is feminine, تحب is the correct form.

Arabic allows more than one normal word order.

Two common patterns are:

• Verb-Subject-Object: تحب أمي الصورة...
• Subject-Verb-Object: أمي تحب الصورة...

Your sentence uses Subject-Verb-Object, which is very common and natural. Starting with أمي makes my mother the topic of the sentence.

So the sentence could also be said as:

• تحب أمي الصورة التي في الغرفة

Both are grammatical, though the feel and emphasis can differ slightly.

Because صورة is a grammatically feminine noun in Arabic.

A very common sign of feminine nouns is ة (tāʾ marbūṭa) at the end:

• غرفة = room
• سيارة = car
• صورة = picture

Since الصورة is feminine, words that refer back to it must also match it in gender. That is one reason the sentence uses التي and not الذي.

Because ص is a sun letter.

With the definite article الـ, the l sound is pronounced clearly before some letters, but it assimilates before sun letters. ص is one of those letters.

So:

• written: الصورة
• pronounced: aṣ-ṣūra

The ṣ sound is doubled in pronunciation.

By contrast, in الغرفة, the غ is not a sun letter, so the l is pronounced:

• al-ghurfa

Because التي is the form used for a feminine singular noun, and الصورة is feminine singular.

So:

• الذي = masculine singular
• التي = feminine singular

Examples:

• الكتاب الذي... = the book that...
• الصورة التي... = the picture that...

Relative pronouns in Arabic must agree with the noun they refer to in gender and number.

Because Arabic usually omits the verb to be in the present tense in sentences like this.

So:

• التي في الغرفة literally looks like that in the room
• but it means that is in the room

This is very normal in Arabic.

Compare:

• الولد في البيت = the boy is in the house
• الصورة في الغرفة = the picture is in the room

No present-tense is is needed.

It describes الصورة.

The structure is:

• الصورة
• التي في الغرفة

So the meaning is:

• the picture that is in the room

The phrase في الغرفة is part of the relative clause and tells you which picture is meant.

It does not mean:

• my mother is in the room
• my mother loves in the room

It specifically identifies the picture.

With full case endings, the sentence is:

أُمِّي تُحِبُّ الصُّورَةَ الَّتِي فِي الْغُرْفَةِ

Here is the grammar:

• أمي = subject, nominative
  The nominative is not clearly visible here because of the possessive -ī suffix.
• تحبُّ = present tense verb, indicative
• الصورةَ = direct object, so it is accusative
• التي = relative pronoun; it is treated as indeclinable here
• في = preposition
• الغرفةِ = after a preposition, so it is genitive

So the most visible case endings are:

• الصورةَ
• الغرفةِ

In standard Arabic, الذي / التي / الذين normally come after a definite noun.

So:

• الصورة التي في الغرفة = the picture that is in the room

This is the standard pattern.

If the noun is indefinite, Arabic often does not use الذي / التي. Instead, it usually uses a simpler structure:

• صورةٌ في الغرفة = a picture in the room

So for learners, a very useful rule is:

• definite noun -> الذي / التي is possible
• indefinite noun -> usually no الذي / التي

Yes. Depending on context, تحب can be understood as loves or likes.

In many contexts:

• يحب / تحب can express strong liking
• sometimes it is best translated as love
• sometimes as like

For example:

• أحب القهوة could mean I like coffee
• أحب أمي would usually mean I love my mother

So the exact English choice depends on context and tone.

Sometimes yes, but التي makes the relationship clearer and more explicit.

Compare:

• أمي تحب الصورة التي في الغرفة
• أمي تحب الصورة في الغرفة

The version with التي clearly means:

• My mother likes/loves the picture that is in the room

Without التي, the phrase may still be understood that way, especially from context, but it can feel less explicit. For a learner, using التي is a good way to make the relative-clause structure clear.