شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين.

It is most naturally understood as a phrase or a caption-like nominal expression, not a full verbal sentence.

Literally, it is:

شريط المقاومة = the resistance band
على بساط التمرين = on the exercise mat

So the whole thing means something like:

The resistance band is on the exercise mat
or simply
Resistance band on the exercise mat

In Arabic, especially in labels, captions, instructions, and simple descriptions, you often do not need to include a verb like is.

In the present tense, Arabic usually does not use a separate word for is/am/are in simple statements.

So:

شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين
literally looks like:
the resistance band on the exercise mat

But it means:

The resistance band is on the exercise mat

This is very normal in Arabic. If you wanted the past tense, then you would use a verb, for example:

كان شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين
= The resistance band was on the exercise mat

شريط literally means strip, band, or ribbon, depending on context.

In this sentence, it refers to a resistance band, so شريط is being used in the sense of band/strip.

It is a masculine singular noun.

This is an iḍāfa construction, often called a genitive construction in English grammar explanations.

شريط المقاومة literally means:

band of the resistance

But in natural English, that becomes:

the resistance band

In Arabic iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun can be definite, and that makes the whole phrase definite

So:

• شريط مقاومة = a resistance band / band of resistance
• شريط المقاومة = the resistance band

That is why شريط has no ال, but المقاومة does.

المقاومة comes from the root related to resisting. By itself, it often means resistance.

In this fitness context, شريط المقاومة is the standard kind of expression for resistance band.

So even though المقاومة can mean resistance in many different contexts, here it specifically helps describe the type of band.

على is a preposition that usually means on, on top of, or sometimes upon.

So:

على بساط التمرين = on the exercise mat

This is the normal preposition when something is physically resting on a surface.

This is another iḍāfa construction.

• بساط = mat, carpet, or rug
• التمرين = the exercise

So:

بساط التمرين literally = mat of the exercise
Natural English = exercise mat

This is a very common Arabic way to build noun phrases.

Because in an iḍāfa construction, the first noun normally does not take ال.

The definiteness comes from the second noun.

So:

• بساط تمرين = an exercise mat
• بساط التمرين = the exercise mat

Even though بساط has no ال, the whole phrase can still be definite because التمرين is definite.

Grammatically, التمرين means the exercise because of ال.

But in many Arabic noun combinations, the definite form is often used where English would just say something more general, like exercise mat.

So in practice, بساط التمرين is best understood as exercise mat.

Depending on context, Arabic may sound more definite than English in these constructions.

After the preposition على, the following noun is in the genitive case.

So:

على بساطِ التمرينِ

In fully vocalized Arabic, you would see kasra endings:

• بساطِ
• التمرينِ

In normal unvoweled writing, those endings are usually not written, but they are still understood grammatically.

A careful MSA pronunciation would be approximately:

sharīṭu l-muqāwamati ʿalā bisāṭi t-tamrīni

A few notes:

• شريط = sharīṭ
• المقاومة = al-muqāwama, but in connected speech after شريطُ, it becomes sharīṭu l-muqāwamati
• على = ʿalā
• بساط = bisāṭ
• التمرين = at-tamrīn in pronunciation, because ت is a sun letter, so the l of ال is not pronounced

So التمرين is pronounced at-tamrīn, not al-tamrīn.

Because ت is a sun letter.

In Arabic, when ال comes before a sun letter, the l sound is assimilated to the following consonant.

So:

• written: التمرين
• pronounced: at-tamrīn

This is a pronunciation rule only. The spelling does not change.

The indefinite version would be:

شريط مقاومة على بساط تمرين

This would mean:

a resistance band on an exercise mat

Compare:

• شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين = the resistance band on the exercise mat
• شريط مقاومة على بساط تمرين = a resistance band on an exercise mat

In real usage, Arabic may choose definite or indefinite forms a bit differently from English, depending on context.

Yes, but the meaning or emphasis may shift.

The given order:

شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين

starts with the thing being talked about: the resistance band.

You could also say:

على بساط التمرين شريط المقاومة

This is more like:

On the exercise mat is the resistance band
or
The resistance band is on the exercise mat

That version gives more emphasis to the location.

The original order is straightforward and natural, especially as a simple description.

You could keep it as it is, because it already works naturally in Arabic.

But if you want something more explicit, you could say:

يوجد شريط المقاومة على بساط التمرين
= There is a resistance band on the exercise mat

or

شريط المقاومة موجود على بساط التمرين
= The resistance band is موجود on the exercise mat / The resistance band is present on the exercise mat

Still, the original shorter version is perfectly normal and often more natural in simple descriptions.