يصافح المرشح الواثق المحاور.

A natural fully vowelled version is:

يُصافِحُ المُرَشَّحُ الواثِقُ المُحاوِرَ.

Breakdown:

• يُصافِحُ = he shakes hands with / is shaking hands with
• المُرَشَّحُ = the candidate
• الواثِقُ = the confident
• المُحاوِرَ = the interviewer

So the structure is:

verb + subject + adjective + object

Because صافح / يصافح is the normal Arabic verb for to shake hands with someone.

In Arabic, this verb usually takes a direct object:

• يصافح المحاور = he shakes hands with the interviewer

English uses with, but Arabic does not need a preposition here.

So:

• English: The candidate shakes hands with the interviewer.
• Arabic: يصافح المرشح المحاور.

This is very common: Arabic and English often package actions differently.

Because in Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• المرشح الواثق = the confident candidate

This is the normal order in Arabic:

• noun first
• adjective second

More examples:

• الرجل الطويل = the tall man
• الطالبة الذكية = the smart female student

So الواثق follows المرشح because it is describing it.

Because Arabic adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in definiteness.

If the noun is definite, the adjective must also be definite.

So:

• المرشح الواثق = the confident candidate

Compare:

• مرشح واثق = a confident candidate
• المرشح الواثق = the confident candidate

This matching is a very important rule in Arabic adjective phrases.

In the most natural reading, الواثق describes المرشح because it comes right after it as part of the noun phrase:

• المرشح الواثق = the confident candidate

Then المحاور comes afterward as the object of the verb.

With full case endings, the sentence becomes clearer:

• يُصافِحُ المُرَشَّحُ الواثِقُ المُحاوِرَ

Here:

• المُرَشَّحُ and الواثِقُ are in the nominative, showing they belong together as the subject
• المُحاوِرَ is in the accusative, showing it is the object

Without case endings in normal writing, there can sometimes be temporary ambiguity, but the intended reading is usually understood from word grouping and context.

In full MSA grammar:

• يُصافِحُ → verb
• المُرَشَّحُ → subject, so nominative
• الواثِقُ → adjective matching the subject, so also nominative
• المُحاوِرَ → direct object, so accusative

So the endings are:

• ـُ on the subject and its adjective
• ـَ on the object

That gives:

يُصافِحُ المُرَشَّحُ الواثِقُ المُحاوِرَ

These endings help show who is doing the action and who receives it.

The verb is singular because the subject is singular:

• المرشح = the candidate

So:

• يُصافِحُ = he shakes hands with

If the subject were dual or plural, the verb could change accordingly.

For example:

• يصافح المرشحان المحاور = the two candidates shake hands with the interviewer
• يصافح المرشحون المحاور = the candidates shake hands with the interviewer

In verb-first sentences in Arabic, the verb often stays singular when the subject comes after it, especially in standard grammar.

Yes. That is also correct.

Compare the two patterns:

• يصافح المرشح الواثق المحاور
  = verb first

• المرشح الواثق يصافح المحاور
  = subject first

Both can mean the same thing: The confident candidate shakes hands with the interviewer.

The difference is mainly in style and emphasis:

• verb-first is very common in formal Arabic
• subject-first can feel a bit more topic-oriented, like As for the confident candidate, he shakes hands with the interviewer

It is an imperfect verb from the past tense صافح.

So:

• صافحَ = he shook hands with
• يُصافِحُ = he shakes hands with / is shaking hands with

This verb is from Form III. Form III often has a sense of interaction or involvement with another person.

That fits well here, because handshaking naturally involves another person.

You would remove الـ from both the noun and the adjective:

• مرشح واثق = a confident candidate

But:

• المرشح الواثق = the confident candidate

So Arabic keeps the noun and adjective matched:

• indefinite + indefinite
• definite + definite

This is a key pattern to memorize.

Yes. In Arabic, المحاور is the direct object of يصافح.

So grammatically, Arabic treats it like:

• he greets the interviewer with a handshake rather than
• he shakes hands with the interviewer

That is why المحاور appears in the accusative in full vocalization:

• المُحاوِرَ

So even though the English translation contains with, the Arabic grammar uses a direct object.