الشاحن المتنقل صغير.

In Modern Standard Arabic, present-tense sentences like this usually do not use a separate word for is.

So:

الشاحن المتنقل صغير

literally looks like:

the charger portable small

but naturally means:

The portable charger is small.

This is called a nominal sentence. In the present tense, Arabic usually leaves out is/am/are.

If you wanted the past tense, you would use a verb such as كان:

كان الشاحن المتنقل صغيرًا
= The portable charger was small.

Because in Arabic, adjectives normally come after the nouns they describe.

So:

الشاحن المتنقل
is literally:

the charger the-portable

This is the normal Arabic order for noun + adjective.

English says:

portable charger

but Arabic says:

charger portable

This is one of the most important word-order differences between English and Arabic.

Because المتنقل is an adjective describing الشاحن, and Arabic adjectives must match the noun they describe in definiteness.

Since الشاحن is definite because it has الـ, the adjective must also be definite:

• الشاحن = the charger
• المتنقل = the portable/mobile

So:

الشاحن المتنقل = the portable charger

If the noun were indefinite, the adjective would also be indefinite:

شاحن متنقل
= a portable charger

Because صغير here is not an adjective inside the noun phrase الشاحن المتنقل. It is the predicate of the whole sentence.

In other words:

• الشاحن المتنقل = the subject
• صغير = what is being said about the subject

In Arabic, the predicate in a sentence like this is usually indefinite, so صغير is correct.

So:

الشاحن المتنقل صغير
= The portable charger is small

But الشاحن المتنقل الصغير would usually mean:

the small portable charger

There, الصغير is just another adjective attached to the noun, not the main predicate of the sentence.

A big clue is definiteness.

• الشاحن is definite
• المتنقل is also definite

That matching pattern strongly suggests that المتنقل is an adjective modifying الشاحن.

Then صغير is left as the predicate of the sentence.

So the structure is:

• الشاحن المتنقل = the portable charger
• صغير = small

This is a very common Arabic pattern:

[definite noun + matching adjective] + [indefinite predicate]

Not exactly. Because ش is a sun letter, the ل in الـ is not pronounced clearly. Instead, the ش is doubled.

So الشاحن is pronounced roughly:

ash-shāḥin

not al-shāḥin.

By contrast, in المتنقل, the م is a moon letter, so the ل is pronounced:

al-mutanaqqil

So the sentence is pronounced roughly like:

ash-shāḥin al-mutanaqqil ṣaghīr

In fully vocalized MSA, the sentence would be:

الشّاحِنُ المُتَنَقِّلُ صَغيرٌ

The endings are -u because the words are nominative here:

• الشّاحِنُ = subject
• المُتَنَقِّلُ = adjective matching the subject
• صَغيرٌ = predicate

In normal writing, these short vowel endings are usually omitted, so you will often just see:

الشاحن المتنقل صغير

It is a nominal sentence in Arabic, often called جملة اسمية.

Its two main parts are:

• المبتدأ = the topic/subject
  الشاحن المتنقل
• الخبر = the comment/predicate
  صغير

So the sentence structure is:

subject + predicate

This is one of the most basic and common sentence types in Arabic.

Because it refers to الشاحن, which is grammatically masculine singular.

In Arabic, predicate adjectives usually match the noun in gender and number.

So:

• masculine singular: صغير
• feminine singular: صغيرة
• masculine plural: صغار or another appropriate plural form depending on context

Since الشاحن is masculine singular, صغير must also be masculine singular.

Not as the normal neutral version of this sentence.

The usual basic order is:

الشاحن المتنقل صغير

Putting صغير first would sound marked, poetic, or context-dependent, and it is not the standard beginner pattern.

Also, you cannot break up the noun phrase.
الشاحن المتنقل must stay together because المتنقل belongs to الشاحن.

So for a straightforward statement, the best form is:

الشاحن المتنقل صغير

المتنقل comes from a verb related to moving around or being mobile. Literally, it can mean something like:

moving, mobile, or portable

In this sentence, it functions as an adjective describing the charger.

So الشاحن المتنقل is the natural Arabic way to say:

the portable charger

Depending on context, learners may also think of it as mobile charger, but grammatically it is simply an adjective following the noun.