الخاسر لا يغش وهو عادل.

It is basically a nominal sentence in Arabic, because it begins with a noun: الخاسر.

A simple breakdown is:

• الخاسر = the topic / subject
• لا يغش = a verbal phrase describing that subject
• وهو عادل = a second clause joined by و

So the structure is:

• الخاسر → the subject/topic
• لا يغش → what is said about him
• وهو عادل → an additional statement about him

In traditional Arabic grammar, الخاسر is the مبتدأ and لا يغش functions as its خبر.

الخاسر comes from the root خ س ر, related to losing or suffering loss.

The word خاسر is an active participle, and it means something like:

• losing
• a loser
• one who loses

The ال at the beginning is the definite article, so الخاسر is the loser or the one who loses.

Depending on context, Arabic can use a definite noun like this to refer to:

• a specific person already known in the conversation, or
• a general type of person

So الخاسر could mean the loser in a specific situation, or more generally the losing person / one who loses.

In the present tense, Arabic usually does not use a separate word for is / am / are in sentences like this.

So:

• هو عادل literally looks like he just/fair
• but it means he is just/fair

This is completely normal in Arabic.

If you wanted a past or future form, Arabic would use different wording, for example:

• كان عادلاً = he was fair
• سيكون عادلاً = he will be fair

But in the present, the copula is is usually omitted.

Because it agrees with the subject الخاسر, which is singular and masculine.

So Arabic uses:

• يغش = he cheats / he deceives

If the subject were feminine singular, you would expect:

• الخاسرة لا تغش

If it were plural masculine:

• الخاسرون لا يغشون

So يغش matches الخاسر grammatically.

Here لا is the normal negation used for the present/imperfect verb.

So:

• يغش = he cheats
• لا يغش = he does not cheat

This لا is different from other negative particles such as:

• لم for past negation of the imperfect
• لن for future negation
• ما in some other kinds of negation

In this sentence, لا يغش is the natural way to say does not cheat or doesn’t cheat.

Yes, in fully vowelled writing it would normally be:

• يَغُشُّ

The final consonant is doubled, so there is a shadda on ش.

However, in everyday Arabic writing, short vowels and even shadda are often omitted unless needed for clarity. So it is very common to see:

• يغش

instead of the fully marked:

• يَغُشُّ

Both represent the same word; the second is just more fully vocalized.

هو is used because Arabic is starting a new clause:

• وهو عادل = and he is fair / and he is just

The pronoun هو makes the second clause complete and clear.

If you said only وعادل, that would usually sound incomplete or much less natural in standard prose here, because عادل is just an adjective/noun by itself. Arabic normally wants an explicit subject for this new nominal clause, and هو provides it.

So وهو عادل is the natural structure.

It can potentially suggest either, depending on context.

Most straightforwardly, it is:

• and he is fair

But a structure like وهو + adjective / noun / clause can also have a circumstantial sense, something like:

• while he is fair
• being fair

In an isolated learning sentence like this, the safest reading is simply a second statement:

• and he is fair

But it is useful to know that Arabic وهو... can sometimes add background or circumstance, not just simple coordination.

In normal unvowelled Arabic writing, case endings are usually not written.

In full formal vocalization, this word would be:

• عادلٌ

with damma tanween, because it is the predicate of a nominal sentence and is in the nominative case.

So the fully vocalized clause would be:

• وهو عادلٌ

But in everyday print, Arabic usually leaves off those short vowels and tanween marks, so you just see:

• وهو عادل

It is functioning as an adjective in meaning, but grammatically words like عادل can behave very much like nouns in Arabic.

عادل literally means:

• just
• fair

It is also an active participle from the root ع د ل.

In هو عادل, it serves as the predicate describing هو. English would call it an adjective in translation, but in Arabic this kind of word often behaves in a noun-like way inside the sentence.

The same is true for many Arabic descriptive words, especially active participles such as:

• كاتب = writing / writer
• جالس = sitting / seated
• عادل = just / fair

A fully vocalized version would be:

الخاسرُ لا يَغُشُّ وهو عادلٌ.

Word by word:

• الخاسرُ = nominative subject/topic
• لا = negation
• يَغُشُّ = present verb
• وهو = and he
• عادلٌ = nominative predicate

This is useful because it shows details that are usually hidden in ordinary writing, especially:

• the damma on الخاسرُ
• the shadda in يَغُشُّ
• the final tanween in عادلٌ

Yes. Both are on the common فاعل pattern, which often forms an active participle.

• خاسر from خسر
• عادل from عدل

This pattern often gives meanings like:

• one who does X
• being X
• characterized by X

That is why Arabic learners often meet many words on this pattern that can work like adjectives or nouns, for example:

• كاتب = writer / writing
• ناجح = successful
• خاسر = loser / losing
• عادل = just / fair

Recognizing this pattern can help you guess meaning and grammar more easily.