يستعيد صاحبها المحفظة.

The sentence uses a very common Arabic pattern: verb + subject + object.

• يستعيد = the verb, retrieves / gets back
• صاحبها = the subject, its owner
• المحفظة = the object, the wallet

So literally the structure is:

• retrieves
  • its owner
    • the wallet

In English, we usually prefer subject + verb + object, so the natural translation becomes Its owner retrieves the wallet.

يستعيد is a present/imperfect tense verb, 3rd person masculine singular.

It means something like:

• he retrieves
• he gets back
• he recovers
• depending on context, sometimes he regains

Because the subject is صاحب (owner), which is masculine singular, the verb appears in the masculine singular form.

This verb comes from the root ع و د, which has to do with returning. In this form, استعاد / يستعيد often gives the idea of getting something back.

Because صاحبها is the person doing the action, while المحفظة is the thing affected by the action.

• صاحبها = its owner → the one who retrieves
• المحفظة = the wallet → the thing being retrieved

If the sentence is fully vowelled, the case endings make this even clearer:

• صاحبُها = nominative, so it is the subject
• المحفظةَ = accusative, so it is the direct object

Without case endings written, learners usually identify subject and object from:

1. word order
2. meaning
3. definiteness and context

ها is an attached pronoun meaning her or it for a feminine singular noun.

So صاحبها literally means:

• owner of her
• or more naturally, its owner

In this sentence, the pronoun refers to a feminine noun. In context, that is understood as المحفظة because محفظة is a feminine noun.

So:

• صاحب = owner
• ها = her / its
• صاحبها = its owner

Yes, it can, but this is something English speakers often notice because it feels unusual.

In Arabic, a pronoun can sometimes refer to something already understood from context, and sometimes it can point forward when the meaning is clear. Here, learners are expected to understand ها as referring to المحفظة.

That said, outside a teaching example, many speakers would find this easiest when the wallet has already been mentioned in the conversation. So the sentence works best if the wallet is already known in context.

Yes, صاحب has a broad meaning range. Depending on context, it can mean:

• companion
• associate
• friend
• owner
• holder / person associated with something

In this sentence, because it is followed by a possessed thing, صاحبها, the natural meaning is its owner.

So here صاحب is not friend. It is the person who possesses the wallet.

Both are definite, but in different ways.

• المحفظة is definite because it has الـ: the wallet
• صاحبها is definite because it is possessed by a pronoun: its owner

In Arabic, a noun becomes definite when it is attached to a definite possessor, including a pronoun.

So:

• صاحبٌ = an owner
• صاحبُها = its owner / her owner → definite

This is why the sentence refers to specific, identifiable things: a specific wallet and its specific owner.

A fully vocalized version would be:

يَسْتَعِيدُ صَاحِبُهَا الْمِحْفَظَةَ

The endings are:

• يستعيدُ = -u, because it is the indicative present verb
• صاحبُها = -u, because it is the subject in the nominative
• المحفظةَ = -a, because it is the direct object in the accusative

In normal unvowelled writing, these endings are usually not shown, but they are still understood in formal grammar.

A careful pronunciation is:

yastaʿīdu ṣāḥibuhā al-miḥfaẓata

A simpler learner-friendly approximation is:

yas-ta-EE-du saa-hi-bu-haa al-miH-fa-za-ta

A few pronunciation notes:

• ʿ represents ع, a consonant English does not have
• ṣ is an emphatic s
• ḥ is a stronger, breathier h
• ẓ is an emphatic consonant often approximated by learners

If you pause at the end in normal speech, the final short vowel is often not pronounced, so المحفظةَ may sound more like al-miḥfaẓah / al-miḥfaẓa depending on style.

Yes. That would be a subject-first sentence instead of a verb-first sentence.

Compare:

• يستعيد صاحبها المحفظة = Its owner retrieves the wallet
• صاحبها يستعيد المحفظة = Its owner retrieves the wallet

Both can mean the same thing, but the emphasis shifts slightly.

• verb-first is very common in formal Arabic narration
• subject-first can feel more like you are highlighting the owner

So the second version may sound a bit more like: Its owner is the one who retrieves the wallet.

Because يستعيد has the nuance of getting something back or recovering it.

Compare:

• أعاد / يعيد = to return something, to give back, to repeat
• استعاد / يستعيد = to recover, retrieve, regain

So:

• يعيد المحفظة would more naturally suggest he returns the wallet
• يستعيد المحفظة suggests he gets the wallet back

That makes يستعيد the better choice when the owner is recovering something lost or taken.

In this case, yes: محفظة is grammatically feminine, and the ة is a strong clue.

That is why the attached pronoun is ها:

• صاحبها = its owner, referring to a feminine noun

Many Arabic nouns ending in ة are feminine, though not every feminine noun has to end that way. For learners, ة is a very useful sign that a noun is probably feminine.