هو يرى الحديقة.

هو means he.

In this sentence, it is not strictly necessary, because the verb يرى already tells you the subject is he. So both of these can mean He sees the garden:

• هو يرى الحديقة
• يرى الحديقة

Including هو adds emphasis or clarity, similar to saying He, he sees the garden or He is the one who sees the garden in English.

يرى is the present tense / imperfect form of the verb رأى, which means to see.

Here it means:

• he sees
• he is seeing

In Modern Standard Arabic, the present form often covers both the simple present and the present progressive, depending on context.

يرى is an irregular verb form because the root verb رأى is a weak/irregular verb.

The basic past tense is:

• رأى = he saw

The present tense for he is:

• يرى = he sees

This verb does not behave exactly like many regular verbs, so its pattern is worth memorizing.

The يـ at the beginning is a present-tense prefix. In many Arabic verbs, this prefix helps mark the subject.

For the present tense, common prefixes include:

• أ = I
• ت = you / she
• ي = he
• ن = we

So يرى specifically signals a third-person masculine singular subject: he sees.

Yes, Arabic word order is often different from English.

This sentence is:

• هو = subject
• يرى = verb
• الحديقة = object

So this is actually Subject–Verb–Object, which is similar to English.

However, Arabic also commonly allows Verb–Subject–Object, especially in more formal styles. So Arabic is more flexible than English in word order.

For example:

• يرى هو الحديقة is not the normal way here
• يرى الحديقة is fine if the subject is understood
• هو يرى الحديقة is also fine

الـ is the Arabic definite article, meaning the.

So:

• حديقة = a garden / garden
• الحديقة = the garden

This tells you the noun is definite, just like the in English.

Yes. الحديقة is the direct object of يرى, because it is the thing being seen.

In fully vowelled Arabic, the direct object usually takes the accusative case. So you may see it written as:

• الحديقةَ

The final ـَ vowel marks it as the object.

In normal everyday Arabic writing, short vowels are usually omitted, so it is commonly written simply as:

• الحديقة

One clue is the ending ـة (called tāʾ marbūṭa), which often marks feminine nouns.

So:

• حديقة = garden and it is grammatically feminine

This matters for things like adjectives and pronouns later on. For example, if you describe the garden, the adjective would usually also be feminine.

Yes, here you do pronounce the ل.

الحديقة is pronounced approximately al-ḥadīqah.

This is because ح is a moon letter, not a sun letter. With moon letters, the ل of الـ is pronounced clearly.

So:

• الحديقة = al-ḥadīqah

If the noun began with a sun letter, the ل sound would assimilate instead.

Correct. ح is not the same as the English h.

It is a stronger, voiceless sound made deeper in the throat. English speakers often need practice to hear and produce it.

In الحديقة, the first consonant of the noun is:

• ح = a deep, breathy ḥ sound

So حديقة is closer to ḥadīqah than to hadiqa.

Yes. Arabic often drops subject pronouns because the verb already contains information about the subject.

So instead of:

• هو يرى الحديقة

you can simply say:

• يرى الحديقة

and it can still mean He sees the garden, depending on context.

This is very common in Arabic.

It can mean either one.

Arabic present tense often covers both:

• he sees
• he is seeing

Context tells you which is more natural.

So هو يرى الحديقة could mean either:

• He sees the garden
• He is seeing the garden

In many learning contexts, he sees the garden is the default translation.

The dictionary form is usually the past tense, 3rd person masculine singular form:

• رأى = he saw

From that, you learn the verb to see.

Its present form here is:

• يرى = he sees

This can be confusing for English speakers, because dictionaries in English usually list verbs as to see, but Arabic dictionaries traditionally use a past-tense base form.