من الضروري أن يوقع المستأجر عقد الإيجار بعد معاينة الشقة.

من الضروري is an idiomatic way to say it is necessary.

Literally, it is something like from the necessary [things], but you should learn it as a fixed expression meaning it is necessary or it is essential.

The من is part of that standard expression. Arabic often uses structures like this where English would simply use it is + adjective.

After expressions like من الضروري , Arabic commonly uses أن + a present-tense verb to introduce what is necessary.

So:

• من الضروري أن يوقع المستأجر... = It is necessary that the tenant sign... = more naturally in English, The tenant must sign... or It is necessary for the tenant to sign...

In other words, أن here introduces the action that is required.

In normal Arabic writing, short vowels and the shadda are usually not written. So يوقع can look ambiguous on the page.

Here, from context, it is understood as:

• يُوَقِّعَ = to sign

This comes from the verb وقّع (to sign).

So the sentence is about signing a lease, not about some other verb that happens to be spelled similarly when unvocalized.

Yes. After أن, the present tense is normally in the subjunctive.

So the fully vocalized form would be:

• أَنْ يُوَقِّعَ

instead of the indicative:

• يُوَقِّعُ

In unvocalized text, this difference is usually invisible, because only the final short vowel changes.

So a learner may not see the grammar change in writing, but it is there.

Because Arabic often uses verb–subject–object word order.

So:

• أن يوقع المستأجر عقد الإيجار

literally follows the pattern:

• that sign the-tenant the-lease-contract

This is very normal in Arabic. English usually prefers subject + verb, but Arabic often places the verb first.

It means tenant — the person who rents the property.

That can be confusing at first, so it helps to remember:

• المستأجر = tenant / renter
• المؤجِّر or المالك = landlord / lessor / owner

So in this sentence, the person who must sign the lease is the tenant.

Because عقد الإيجار is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

It works like this:

• عقد = contract
• الإيجار = the lease / the renting

Together:

• عقد الإيجار = the lease contract / the rental contract

In an iḍāfa:

1. the first noun does not take ال
2. the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite

So عقد does not get ال, but the whole phrase is definite because الإيجار is definite.

It is the direct object of the verb يوقع.

So:

• يوقع المستأجر عقد الإيجار = the tenant signs the lease contract

Grammatically:

• يوقع = the verb
• المستأجر = the subject
• عقد الإيجار = the object

It means after viewing the apartment, after inspecting the apartment, or more literally after the inspection of the apartment.

Breakdown:

• بعد = after
• معاينة = viewing / inspection / examination
• الشقة = the apartment

So this phrase tells us when the signing should happen: only after the apartment has been viewed or inspected.

Because Arabic often uses a maṣdar (verbal noun) after prepositions like بعد.

So these are similar in meaning:

• بعد معاينة الشقة
• بعد أن يعاين المستأجر الشقة

The first is more compact and very natural in formal Arabic.

English often does something similar with after viewing the apartment rather than after the tenant views the apartment.

Yes, the subject is understood from context.

معاينة itself is a verbal noun, so it does not explicitly show who is doing the action. In this sentence, we naturally understand that it is the tenant who is viewing or inspecting the apartment.

So:

• بعد معاينة الشقة = after inspecting/viewing the apartment with the inspector understood from context

A fully vocalized version would be:

مِنَ الضَّرُورِيِّ أَنْ يُوَقِّعَ المُسْتَأْجِرُ عَقْدَ الإِيجَارِ بَعْدَ مُعَايَنَةِ الشَّقَّةِ.

This shows several useful grammar points:

• الضَّرُورِيِّ is genitive after مِن
• يُوَقِّعَ is subjunctive after أَنْ
• المُسْتَأْجِرُ is the subject, so it is nominative
• عَقْدَ is the direct object, so it is accusative
• الإِيجَارِ is genitive as the second part of the iḍāfa
• مُعَايَنَةِ is genitive after بَعْدَ
• الشَّقَّةِ is genitive as the second part of another iḍāfa

For everyday reading, most of these endings are not written, but they are still part of the grammar.