يجب على مالك العقار أن يعاين عداد الكهرباء وتسرب المياه.

A very common Arabic pattern is:

يجب على + person + أن + verb

Literally, this means it is obligatory upon X to do Y.

So:

يجب على مالك العقار أن يعاين...

means something like:

The property owner must inspect...

In English we usually just say must, but Arabic often expresses that idea with يجب على.

Because مالك العقار is an iḍāfa (an of-construction / construct phrase).

It literally means:

• مالك = owner
• العقار = the property / the real estate

Together: owner of the property

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take الـ
• the second noun defines or specifies it

So مالك العقار already means the property owner. You do not normally say المالك العقار for this structure.

They are both connected to the genitive, but for different reasons:

• مالك is after the preposition على, so it is genitive
• العقار is the second part of an iḍāfa, so it is also genitive

So in fully vocalized Arabic, you would have:

على مالكِ العقارِ

Both words end up genitive, but not for the same grammatical reason.

Arabic often uses أن + a present-tense verb where English uses to + verb.

So:

• أن يعاين = to inspect

After words like يجب, this is very common:

• يجب أن يفعل = he must do / it is necessary to do
• يجب على مالك العقار أن يعاين = the property owner must inspect

So أن is introducing the action that is required.

Formally, يعاين is a present-tense verb, but here it is not really about present time.

Because it comes after أن, it is best understood as part of the phrase أن يعاين = to inspect.

So in this sentence, it functions more like an infinitive in English than like a simple present such as he inspects.

Because standard Arabic writing usually leaves out short vowel endings.

After أن, the verb is in the subjunctive. Fully vocalized, it would be:

• indicative: يُعايِنُ
• subjunctive after أن: يُعايِنَ

In ordinary unvowelled text, both are usually written the same way:

يعاين

So learners have to infer the grammar from context.

يعاين comes from عاينَ, which means something like:

• inspect
• examine
• check directly
• look over carefully

It is a fairly formal word and fits administrative, legal, or maintenance language well.

So in this sentence, it suggests a deliberate inspection, not just a quick glance.

Both are iḍāfa phrases.

1. عداد الكهرباء

   • عداد = meter
   • الكهرباء = electricity
   • together: electricity meter

2. تسرب المياه

   • تسرب = leakage / leaking
   • المياه = water
   • together: water leakage

In both cases:

• the first noun is the main noun
• the second noun specifies it
• the second noun is in the genitive

Because تسرب المياه is an iḍāfa.

In an iḍāfa, the first noun normally appears without الـ. The whole phrase can still be definite if the second noun is definite.

So:

• تسرب المياه can mean the water leakage or simply water leakage, depending on context

This is normal Arabic structure, not a missing article.

They are both direct objects of يعاين, so they are accusative.

The structure is:

• يعاين عدادَ الكهرباءِ
• وتسربَ المياهِ

So:

• عداد = accusative, because it is an object
• تسرب = also accusative, because it is another coordinated object
• الكهرباء and المياه = genitive, because they are the second terms in iḍāfa phrases

Yes. Here و joins two objects of the same verb:

• عداد الكهرباء
• تسرب المياه

So the meaning is:

inspect the electricity meter and the water leakage

In other words, يعاين applies to both nouns.

Both words relate to water, but they are used a bit differently.

• الماء = water, in a basic singular/collective sense
• المياه = waters / water, often used in formal, technical, or administrative language

In phrases like تسرب المياه, المياه is very common and sounds natural in formal MSA.

So even though English usually just says water, Arabic may prefer المياه in this kind of sentence.

العقار is a formal word meaning:

• property
• real estate
• premises (depending on context)

So مالك العقار is literally the owner of the property.

Depending on the situation, that may overlap with landlord, but مالك العقار is more literally property owner.