هو يستأجر الشقة المفروشة.

In Arabic, the verb already tells you the person, so يستأجر by itself can mean he rents or he is renting.

The pronoun هو is often added for one of these reasons:

• clarity: to make it extra clear who the subject is
• emphasis: he rents the apartment
• style: especially in teaching examples or careful written Arabic

So both of these are possible:

• يستأجر الشقة المفروشة = He rents the furnished apartment.
• هو يستأجر الشقة المفروشة = He rents the furnished apartment. / He is renting the furnished apartment.

The version with هو sounds a bit more explicit.

يستأجر is in the imperfect verb form. In Modern Standard Arabic, the imperfect can cover several meanings depending on context, including:

• he rents
• he is renting
• he rents regularly
• sometimes even he will rent, if there is a future marker such as سـ or سوف

So in this sentence, without extra context, يستأجر can mean either:

• a general present action: he rents
• a current ongoing action: he is renting

Arabic does not always separate simple present and present progressive as strictly as English does.

The dictionary form is استأجر.

This is a Form X verb, built from the root أ ج ر. The root is connected with ideas of wages, payment, hiring, renting.

A few useful forms from this root are:

• استأجر = to rent, to hire
• يستأجر = he rents / he is renting
• إيجار = rent, rental
• أجرة = fee, fare, wage

So يستأجر is the present/imperfect form of استأجر.

This is a very common question because both relate to renting.

• استأجر usually means to rent something from someone or to hire
• أجّر usually means to rent something out to someone or to lease

So:

• استأجر الشقة = he rented the apartment
  meaning: he is the tenant

• أجّر الشقة = he rented out the apartment
  meaning: he is the landlord/owner

That difference is very important.

ال is the Arabic definite article, equivalent to the in English.

So:

• شقة = an apartment
• الشقة = the apartment

Since the sentence refers to the furnished apartment, Arabic uses ال on الشقة.

Because the adjective must match the noun in definiteness.

Here:

• الشقة = the apartment → definite
• so the adjective must also be definite:
  • المفروشة = the furnished

In Arabic, adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in:

• definiteness
• gender
• number
• case

So:

• شقة مفروشة = a furnished apartment
• الشقة المفروشة = the furnished apartment

This is one of the most important adjective rules in Arabic.

Because it describes الشقة, and شقة is a feminine noun.

In Arabic, adjectives must agree with the noun they describe. Since شقة is feminine, the adjective must also be feminine:

• مفروش = furnished (masculine)
• مفروشة = furnished (feminine)

So:

• بيت مفروش = a furnished house
• شقة مفروشة = a furnished apartment

The ـة ending is a common sign of feminine form.

This is because ش is a sun letter.

The definite article is written ال, but its l sound changes before sun letters. Instead of pronouncing the l, Arabic doubles the next consonant.

So:

• written: الشقة
• pronounced: ash-shaqqa (not al-shaqqa)

The same thing happens in المفروشة:

• م is not a sun letter
• so the l is pronounced normally:
  • al-mafruusha

So the phrase is pronounced roughly:

• huwa yasta'jiru ash-shaqqata al-mafruushata

That -a is the accusative case ending in fully vocalized, formal Arabic.

In this sentence:

• هو = subject pronoun
• يستأجر = verb
• الشقة = direct object

Since الشقة is the direct object, it is in the accusative case:

• الشقةَ = ash-shaqqata

And because المفروشة is an adjective describing الشقة, it matches it in case:

• المفروشةَ = al-mafruushata

In everyday reading and speech, these short case endings are often not pronounced, but in full MSA grammar they are there.

Because Arabic adjectives agree with the noun they describe in case as well.

Here the noun الشقة is the direct object of the verb, so it is accusative:

• الشقةَ

The adjective must match it:

• المفروشةَ

So the full grammatical phrase is:

• الشقةَ المفروشةَ

If the noun changed case, the adjective would change too.

مفروشة comes from the root ف ر ش, which is related to spreading out, laying out, furnishing.

The basic verb is:

• فرش = to spread out, furnish

From that comes:

• مفروش / مفروشة = furnished, spread out

So شقة مفروشة literally means something like an apartment that has been furnished.

It is functioning like a descriptive adjective in English: furnished.

Yes. Arabic can use different word orders.

Two common patterns are:

• Verb–Subject–Object (VSO)
  يستأجر هو الشقة المفروشة
• Subject–Verb–Object (SVO)
  هو يستأجر الشقة المفروشة

In practice, the most natural version here would usually be either:

• يستأجر الشقة المفروشة
• هو يستأجر الشقة المفروشة

The version with هو gives a clearer subject-first structure, which can sound more explicit or emphatic.

So yes, Arabic often allows verb-first order, but this sentence is perfectly normal as written.

In MSA, a common way to negate the present/imperfect is لا.

So:

• هو لا يستأجر الشقة المفروشة

That means:

• He does not rent the furnished apartment
• or He is not renting the furnished apartment

If you want, you can also omit هو:

• لا يستأجر الشقة المفروشة

Both are correct, depending on style and context.