المطالبة التامينية عند شركة التامين.

It is more naturally understood as a phrase or heading, not a complete everyday sentence.

Literally, it is a noun phrase meaning something like the insurance claim at/with the insurance company.

That is very normal in Arabic for:

• headings
• form labels
• document titles
• menu items
• topic labels

If you wanted a full sentence, you would usually add a verb, for example:

• المطالبة التأمينية عند شركة التأمين جاهزة = The insurance claim at the insurance company is ready.
• قدمتُ المطالبة التأمينية عند شركة التأمين = I submitted the insurance claim to the insurance company.

Yes. In careful spelling, the standard forms are:

• المطالبة التأمينية عند شركة التأمين

The words التأمينية and التأمين come from تأمين = insurance, which contains a hamza.

So the careful spellings are:

• تأمين
• تأميني
• تأمينية

However, in casual Arabic writing, people often omit hamza and write:

• تامين
• تاميني
• تامينية

So what you saw is common in informal writing, but the more correct form is with hamza.

Because in Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• المطالبة = the claim
• التأمينية = insurance-related / insurance

Together:

• المطالبة التأمينية = the insurance claim

This is the normal Arabic word order:

• noun + adjective

English usually does the opposite:

• adjective + noun

So English insurance claim becomes Arabic claim insurance-related.

Because Arabic adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

They usually match in:

• definiteness
• gender
• number

Here:

• المطالبة is definite because it has الـ
• so the adjective must also be definite: التأمينية

That is why you get:

• المطالبة التأمينية = the insurance claim

Compare:

• مطالبة تأمينية = an insurance claim
• المطالبة التأمينية = the insurance claim

Here, التأمينية is an adjective meaning insurance-related.

It comes from the noun:

• تأمين = insurance

And the adjective form is:

• تأميني = insurance-related, insurance-
• تأمينية = feminine form of that adjective

It is feminine here because مطالبة is a feminine noun.

So:

• مطالبة = claim
• مطالبة تأمينية = insurance claim

This is more natural than trying to translate word-for-word as a direct noun-noun combination in English style.

Here, عند means something like:

• at
• with
• in the hands of
• in relation to

So عند شركة التأمين can mean:

• at the insurance company
• with the insurance company

In this kind of context, with the insurance company is often the most natural English meaning, especially if you are talking about a claim filed there.

In Egyptian Arabic, عند is extremely common and often has a broader range than a learner first expects.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction, often called a genitive construct.

• شركة = company
• التأمين = the insurance

Together:

• شركة التأمين = the insurance company

In an iḍāfa:

• the first word usually does not take ال
• the whole phrase becomes definite because the second word is definite

So:

• شركة تأمين = an insurance company
• شركة التأمين = the insurance company

That is why شركة does not need الـ here.

Because ت is a sun letter.

In Arabic, when الـ comes before a sun letter, the ل sound is not pronounced. Instead, the next consonant is doubled.

So:

• التأمين is pronounced roughly et-taʔmīn
• التأمينية is pronounced roughly et-taʔmīniyya

Not el-ta...

This happens because ت is one of the sun letters.

By contrast, in a word like المطالبة, the م is not a sun letter, so الـ is pronounced normally:

• el-moṭālba

Excellent question. This is because شركة is in an iḍāfa construction:

• شركة التأمين

In Arabic, ة often sounds like -t when the word is linked grammatically to what follows, especially in an iḍāfa.

So:

• شركة by itself: often pronounced roughly šerka / širka
• شركة التأمين: širket et-taʔmīn

But in المطالبة التأمينية, the first word is followed by an adjective, not by the second part of an iḍāfa in the same way speakers usually notice in colloquial pronunciation. So in Egyptian speech it is commonly heard as:

• el-moṭālba et-taʔmīniyya

without a strong -t on المطالبة.

So the short version is:

• ة often becomes -t in an iḍāfa
• otherwise, in pause or normal colloquial pronunciation, it is often just -a

A natural Egyptian-style pronunciation would be roughly:

el-moṭālba et-taʔmīniyya ʿand širket et-taʔmīn

A few things to notice:

• الـ often sounds like el-
• before ت, it assimilates, so you get et-ta...
• شركة in iḍāfa sounds like širket
• عند is pronounced ʿand

So the rhythm is roughly:

el-moṭālba | et-taʔmīniyya | ʿand | širket et-taʔmīn

It is understandable in Egyptian Arabic, but it sounds fairly formal and administrative.

It fits very well in:

• paperwork
• official speech
• insurance documents
• customer service contexts

In casual everyday Egyptian, people might use something a bit more colloquial depending on context, but this phrasing is still completely normal in formal situations.

So for a learner, a good way to think about it is:

• grammatically fine
• common in formal/register-heavy contexts
• pronounced in an Egyptian way if spoken in Egypt