| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| to express disapproval of; to belittle (NOT to decrease in value) | deprecate She deprecated the use of jargon in documents meant for the general public. |
| to diminish in value over time; to reduce the worth of (NOT to express disapproval) | depreciate The car will depreciate by roughly twenty per cent in its first year. |
| impartial and unbiased; having no personal stake (NOT bored or lacking interest) | disinterested A disinterested mediator was brought in to resolve the contract dispute fairly. |
| not interested; bored and indifferent (NOT impartial or unbiased) | uninterested The students were visibly uninterested during the three-hour statistics lecture. |
| to forbid or prohibit by law or authority (NOT to recommend or order a treatment) | proscribe The new regulations proscribe the dumping of industrial waste into rivers. |
| to recommend or authorise a course of action or medical treatment (NOT to forbid) | prescribe The doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics to clear the infection. |
| full of twists, turns, and complexity (NOT involving pain or suffering) | tortuous The tortuous mountain road wound through dozens of hairpin bends. |
| involving or causing severe physical or mental suffering (NOT winding or complex) | torturous The torturous heat of the desert made every step an ordeal. |
| cleverly inventive and resourceful (NOT innocent or naive) | ingenious The engineer devised an ingenious solution using only materials available on site. |
| famous and distinguished within a particular sphere (NOT about to happen, and NOT inherent) | eminent The eminent historian was invited to deliver the keynote address at the conference. |
| existing or operating within; inherent and pervading (NOT famous, and NOT about to happen) | immanent Some philosophers argue that the divine is immanent in all of nature. |
| to urge or request someone solemnly or earnestly (NOT to renounce or give up) | adjure The priest adjured the congregation to show compassion to their neighbours. |
| lacking a moral sense; unconcerned with right or wrong (NOT knowingly choosing wrong) | amoral The sociopath was described as completely amoral, showing no awareness of ethical norms. |
| not conforming to accepted standards of morality; knowingly doing wrong (NOT lacking moral awareness) | immoral The scandal revealed the executive's immoral scheme to defraud investors. |
| to examine and suppress unacceptable parts of content (NOT to formally express disapproval) | censor The government attempted to censor any news reports critical of its policies. |
| individually separate and distinct; not continuous (NOT careful or tactful) | discrete The data was divided into discrete categories for analysis. |
| careful and tactful so as to avoid causing offence or revealing information (NOT separate or distinct) | discreet She made discreet enquiries about the candidate's background before the interview. |
| forbidden by law, rules, or custom; unlawful (NOT to draw out a response) | illicit The authorities cracked down on the illicit trade operating through the port. |
| to display something proudly or ostentatiously (NOT to defy or disobey rules) | flaunt He loved to flaunt his designer watches at every social gathering. |
| to openly disregard a rule, law, or convention (NOT to show off or display) | flout Drivers who flout the speed limit near schools endanger children's lives. |
| to feel intense dislike or disgust toward (NOT reluctant or unwilling) | loathe She loathed the daily commute but loved the job waiting at the other end. |
| reluctant and unwilling (NOT to feel hatred or disgust) | loath He was loath to admit that his original estimate had been wildly optimistic. |
| showing susceptibility to bribery; morally corrupt (NOT minor or pardonable) | venal The venal official accepted payments in exchange for favourable rulings. |
| denoting a slight and pardonable offence (NOT corrupt or open to bribery) | venial Arriving five minutes late was considered a venial lapse, not a serious infraction. |
| to assess the value or quality of something (NOT to inform or notify someone) | appraise The jeweller was asked to appraise the antique diamond ring. |
| to inform or notify someone of something (NOT to assess value or quality) | apprise Please apprise the committee of any developments before the next meeting. |
| modest, reserved, and shy in manner (NOT to raise objections) | demure Her demure smile concealed a fiercely competitive spirit. |
| a thing that makes whole or goes well with something else (NOT a polite expression of praise) | complement The wine was chosen as the perfect complement to the rich chocolate dessert. |
| a polite expression of praise or admiration (NOT something that completes another thing) | compliment She received many compliments on her eloquent presentation to the board. |
| an advisory or legislative body of people (NOT advice or guidance) | council The city council voted unanimously to approve the new park development. |
| advice or guidance, especially from a qualified person (NOT a governing body) | counsel The therapist offered wise counsel to couples struggling with communication. |
| an indirect reference to something (NOT a false perception or deceptive appearance) | allusion The poem contained a subtle allusion to Greek mythology that many readers missed. |
| a false idea or belief; a deceptive appearance (NOT an indirect reference) | illusion The prosperity of the era turned out to be an illusion built on unsustainable debt. |
| to have an influence on; to produce a change in (NOT a result or outcome) | affect Budget cuts will significantly affect the quality of public services. |
| a result or consequence produced by an action or cause (NOT to influence or change) | effect The new policy had the desired effect of reducing wait times by half. |
| characterising a friendly and peaceable relationship or settlement (NOT a person's personality) | amicable The divorcing couple reached an amicable agreement regarding custody. |
| agreement or approval, especially official approval (NOT a climb or upward movement) | assent The proposal required the assent of every board member before it could proceed. |
| a climb or upward movement; a rise to a higher position (NOT agreement or approval) | ascent The final ascent to the summit took the climbers over six gruelling hours. |
| having a strong dislike of or opposition to something (NOT harmful or unfavourable) | averse She was not averse to taking risks when the potential reward justified them. |
| preventing success or development; harmful and unfavourable (NOT personally opposed to) | adverse Adverse weather conditions forced the cancellation of all outdoor events. |
| relating to weather patterns and atmospheric conditions (NOT relating to a peak or turning point) | climatic Climatic shifts over millennia transformed lush forests into arid deserts. |
| relating to or forming a peak or turning point of intensity (NOT relating to weather) | climactic The climactic battle scene had the entire audience on the edge of their seats. |
| to remove the fuse from a bomb; to reduce the danger or tension in a situation (NOT to spread widely) | defuse The negotiator managed to defuse the hostage situation without any injuries. |
| spread out over a large area; not concentrated (NOT to reduce danger or remove a fuse) | diffuse The light was diffuse, filtered evenly through the thin curtains. |
| to leave one's own country to settle permanently in another (NOT to arrive and settle in a new country) | emigrate Thousands chose to emigrate from the region during the economic crisis. |
| to come to live permanently in a foreign country (NOT to leave one's home country) | immigrate Her grandparents decided to immigrate to Canada in search of better opportunities. |
| fair and impartial; just and reasonable (NOT calm or even-tempered) | equitable The judge sought an equitable distribution of assets between the two parties. |
| to hold in very high regard; to raise in rank or status (NOT to rejoice greatly) | exalt The community sought to exalt the memory of its fallen heroes with a memorial. |
| to show or feel elation or jubilation, especially as a result of success (NOT to elevate or praise) | exult The athletes exulted after crossing the finish line in record time. |
| favoured by or involving good luck; auspicious (NOT merely happening by chance) | fortunate She felt fortunate to have landed the internship at such a prestigious firm. |
| causing horror or disgust; gruesome and revolting (NOT grey-haired or relating to a type of bear) | grisly The detective steeled himself before entering the scene of the grisly crime. |
| grey or grey-haired; also a large North American brown bear (NOT gruesome or horrifying) | grizzly Hikers were warned about grizzly bears in the backcountry during autumn. |
| a stock or store of valuables or money hidden away; to amass and hide (NOT a large crowd) | hoard Archaeologists discovered a hoard of Roman coins buried beneath the field. |
| a large group of people or things; a vast crowd (NOT a hidden stockpile) | horde A horde of tourists descended on the small village during the summer festival. |
| rich and profuse in growth; lush and abundant (NOT characterised by comfort and elegance) | luxuriant The luxuriant vegetation of the rainforest formed a dense green canopy overhead. |
| extremely comfortable, elegant, and involving great expense (NOT lush or abundantly growing) | luxurious The hotel suite featured luxurious furnishings imported from Italy. |
| of or appropriate to war; relating to fighting or the military (NOT relating to marriage) | martial The government declared martial law after the widespread civil unrest. |
| of or relating to marriage or the relationship between a married couple (NOT relating to war) | marital The couple sought therapy to address their ongoing marital difficulties. |
| the roof of the mouth; a person's sense of taste (NOT a board for mixing paint colours) | palate The chef created dishes designed to challenge and delight the most refined palate. |
| a board for mixing paints; a range of colours or qualities (NOT the roof of the mouth) | palette The artist chose a muted palette of greys and blues for the winter landscape. |
| a foot-operated lever on a machine such as a bicycle or piano (NOT to sell goods or promote ideas) | pedal She pressed the sustain pedal to let the piano notes ring out beautifully. |
| to sell goods informally or to promote ideas persistently (NOT a foot-operated lever) | peddle Street vendors peddle their wares along the busy waterfront promenade. |
| to subject someone to hostility and ill-treatment because of identity or beliefs (NOT to bring legal proceedings) | persecute The regime continued to persecute ethnic minorities despite international pressure. |
| to institute legal proceedings against someone in a court of law (NOT to harass or oppress) | prosecute The state decided to prosecute the company for violating environmental regulations. |
| to come before something in time, order, or importance (NOT to begin or continue a course of action) | precede A moment of silence will precede the opening ceremony. |
| to begin or continue a course of action; to move forward (NOT to come before in time) | proceed After the brief interruption, the speaker asked the audience if she could proceed. |
| first in order of importance; the head of a school or organisation (NOT a fundamental truth or belief) | principal The principal investor contributed over half of the start-up capital. |
| a fundamental truth or rule serving as the basis for reasoning or action (NOT the most important person) | principle She refused the bribe on principle, regardless of the financial consequences. |
| not moving; fixed in one place (NOT writing materials like paper and envelopes) | stationary The traffic was completely stationary for over an hour during the roadworks. |
| writing and office materials such as paper, pens, and envelopes (NOT fixed or immobile) | stationery The company ordered new stationery embossed with its updated logo. |
| cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter (NOT swollen, pompous, or dull in language) | turbid After the heavy rains, the river became turbid and unsafe for swimming. |
| swollen and distended; or tediously pompous in language (NOT cloudy or murky) | turgid The professor's turgid prose made even fascinating topics seem unbearable to read. |
| having committed an error or doing wrong; guilty of a mistake (NOT wandering or straying) | erring The company offered a second chance to the erring employee after a formal warning. |
| to give up power, territory, or rights formally (NOT a plant embryo or starting point) | cede The defeated nation was forced to cede its northern provinces under the treaty. |
| a flowering plant's unit of reproduction; the origin or beginning of something (NOT to surrender territory) | seed That casual conversation planted the seed of an idea that became a global enterprise. |
| having an untidy or dishevelled appearance (NOT failing to honour a promise) | unkempt His unkempt hair and wrinkled shirt suggested he had slept in the office again. |
| not honoured or maintained; a promise or obligation that was not fulfilled (NOT physically messy) | unkept The series of unkept promises eroded public confidence in the administration. |
| native to and regularly found in a particular region or population (NOT spreading rapidly and widely) | endemic Corruption was endemic in the local government and had been for decades. |
| spreading rapidly and extensively through a population (NOT native to a specific region) | epidemic The epidemic of misinformation spread faster than the disease itself. |
| to carry out or commit a harmful or illegal act (NOT to cause something to continue indefinitely) | perpetrate The authorities struggled to identify who had perpetrated the cyberattack. |
| to be a powerful factor against; to prevent or work against (NOT to make less severe) | militate Several factors militate against the success of the proposed merger. |
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