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### Asking "which"

To ask "which" specific item someone means, German uses the word **welch-**. Because it acts like a definite article (**der**, **die**, **das**), you must add an ending that matches the gender and case of the noun it describes.

| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| **Nominative** | welch**er** | welch**e** | welch**es** |
| **Accusative** | welch**en** | welch**e** | welch**es** |
| **Dative** | welch**em** | welch**er** | welch**em** |

### Neuter nouns

For neuter nouns, use **welches**. The form stays exactly the same whether the noun is the subject (nominative) or the direct object (accusative).

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### Masculine nouns

For masculine nouns, the ending changes depending on the role the noun plays in the sentence. Use **welcher** when the noun is the subject doing the action (nominative), and **welchen** when it is the direct object receiving the action (accusative).

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### Feminine nouns

Feminine nouns use **welche** for both the nominative and accusative cases.

{{item:871562}}

### Prepositions and the dative case

When **welch-** follows a dative preposition (like **mit**), it takes a dative ending. For example, the feminine dative form changes to **welcher**.

{{item:871565}}

Which (welcher, welche, welches)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Question	Answer
which (welcher, welche, welches, welchen, welchem...)	welcher
the feed / the food (for animals)	das Futter
Which food are we buying today?	Welches Futter kaufen wir heute?
the bird	der Vogel
to eat (for animals)	fressen
Which bird is eating the food?	Welcher Vogel frisst das Futter?
the cage	der Käfig
Which cage do you need for the bird?	Welchen Käfig brauchen Sie für den Vogel?
the collar	das Halsband
Which dog is wearing the collar?	Welcher Hund trägt das Halsband?
Which collar are you giving him?	Welches Halsband geben Sie ihm?
the bone	der Knochen
Which bone is the dog allowed to eat?	Welchen Knochen darf der Hund fressen?
the leash	die Leine
Which leash are you gifting me?	Welche Leine schenkst du mir?
the brush	die Bürste
the bowl	der Napf
Which brush are you cleaning the bowl with?	Mit welcher Bürste putzen Sie den Napf?
Which bowl do I have to buy?	Welchen Napf muss ich kaufen?
Which bone is lying in the cage?	Welcher Knochen liegt im Käfig?
Bring me the leash and the brush!	Bring mir die Leine und die Bürste!

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