Expressing ability (können)

The modal verb: können

The modal verb können means "can" or "to be able to." Notice that its vowel changes from ö to a in the singular forms, and the ich and er/sie/es forms are identical.

PronounConjugation
ichkann
dukannst
er/sie/eskann
wirkönnen
ihrkönnt
sie/Siekönnen

The Sentence Bracket (Satzklammer)

When you use a modal verb, a special word order rule applies: the sentence bracket. The conjugated modal verb takes the second position, and the main action verb is pushed to the very end of the sentence in its infinitive (dictionary) form.

I can speak German.
Ich kann Deutsch sprechen.

Everything else—like objects, time words, or adverbs like gut (well) and perfekt (perfectly)—is bracketed between the two verbs.

She can speak English well.
Sie kann gut Englisch sprechen.
My father cannot cook today.
Mein Vater kann heute nicht kochen.
Anna can play the guitar perfectly.
Anna kann perfekt Gitarre spielen.

If you are asking a yes/no question, the modal verb moves to the beginning, but the main verb stays parked at the end.

Can you speak German?
Können Sie Deutsch sprechen?
Can you understand English?
Kannst du Englisch verstehen?

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