Normally, French nouns require an article (like le, la, or un). However, when an abstract noun (a concept or a quality) follows a preposition of manner like avec (with) or sans (without), the article is dropped.
This structure is very common in French to describe how an action is performed.
| I dip the brush without haste. | Je trempe le pinceau sans hâte. |
| He draws the curve with delicacy. | Il trace la courbe avec délicatesse. |
| We practice calligraphy with rigor. | Nous pratiquons la calligraphie avec rigueur. |
Combining Qualities
When combining multiple qualities, join the abstract nouns with et (and).
| He draws the curves with fluidity and elegance. | Il trace les courbes avec fluidité et élégance. |
To express a negative manner using ne... ni... ni... (neither... nor...), repeat the preposition before each abstract noun:
| I write neither with fluidity nor with mastery. | Je n'écris ni avec fluidité ni avec maîtrise. |
| He works neither with rigor nor with delicacy. | Il ne travaille ni avec rigueur ni avec délicatesse. |
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