Learn Finnish: Bussi on aseman edessä. - The bus is in front of the station.

This is because of the word edessä (in front of). edessä is a postposition, and in Finnish, most postpositions require the noun they connect to to be in the genitive (possessive) case. The -n ending makes it genitive, so structurally you are saying the equivalent of 'the station's'.

Why is the word order aseman edessä instead of edessä aseman?

In English, we use prepositions (words placed before the noun, like 'in front of'). Finnish mostly uses postpositions, which are placed after the noun they relate to.

Does the word edessä contain the -ssä ('in') ending we use for locations?

Yes, it does! Many Finnish postpositions are built using location endings. edessä comes from the root word etu (front) combined with the -ssä (in) ending. So it literally translates as 'in the front'.

How do we know the sentence means 'The bus' and not 'A bus'?

Finnish doesn't have articles like 'a' or 'the'. However, word order gives us a strong clue. When a basic sentence starts with the subject (Bussi), it is usually something specific and known ('The bus'). If you wanted to say 'There is a bus in front of the station,' you would start with the location instead: Aseman edessä on bussi.