Warnings and the Elative Case
In Finnish, when you warn someone about something, the source of the danger takes the elative case (-sta / -stä). Conceptually, the warning arises "out of" the hazard.
The verb varoittaa (to warn) strongly governs this case.
| We are warning you about this chemical. | Varoitamme teitä tästä kemikaalista. |
If a sign or a person lists multiple hazards, every noun in that list must be in the elative case.
| The sign warns about a hazard, exposure, and an accident. | Kyltti varoittaa vaaratekijästä, altistumisesta ja tapaturmasta. |
Pointing Out and Reminding
This same directional logic applies to other verbs of communication where you draw attention to a specific issue. Both huomauttaa (to point out) and muistuttaa (to remind) require the elative case for the topic being discussed.
| The manager pointed out the new hazard to me. | Esimies huomautti minulle uudesta vaaratekijästä. |
| Did you remind the staff about the precautions? | Muistutitteko henkilökuntaa varotoimista? |
Describing Workplace Hazards
When describing a specific incident, such as a leak or an accident, the main noun expressing the event takes the elative case.
| The boss warned us about the flammable liquid leak. | Pomo varoitti meitä syttyvän nesteen vuodosta. |
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