The fifth infinitive (olla -maisillaan)

Use the fifth infinitive to describe actions that are on the verge of happening. It translates to is about to [do] or is on the point of [doing], perfect for narrating tense moments.

Forming the Fifth Infinitive

This construction pairs the conjugated verb olla (to be) with a special form of the main verb:

  • Take the third infinitive stem (the stem used for -maan or -mään forms).
  • Add the suffix -maisilla- or -mäisillä- (following vowel harmony).
  • Add the possessive suffix matching the subject.

For third-person subjects, use olla in the third person and the possessive suffix -an or -än:

The eagle is about to strike.
Kotka on iskemäisillään.
The pack is about to attack.
Lauma on hyökkäämäisillään.

Matching the Subject

Conjugate olla and change the possessive suffix to match any subject. For minä (I), use olen and the suffix -ni:

I am about to fall asleep when the beast strikes.
Olen nukahtamaisillani, kun peto iskee.

Adding Context

Connect a "verge of" action to another event using the conjunction kun (when):

The eagle opens its wings when it is about to strike.
Kotka avaa siipensä, kun se on iskemäisillään.