Proportional comparisons (mitä..., sitä...)

Proportional Comparisons: "Mitä..., sitä..."

In English, we describe proportional changes using the "the..., the..." structure, such as "the more, the better." In Finnish, this is expressed using the construction mitä..., sitä... (literally: "what..., that...").

Place mitä at the beginning of the first clause and sitä at the beginning of the second clause. Both words must be immediately followed by a comparative adjective or adverb.

The longer the lecture is, the more demanding it is.
Mitä pidempi luento on, sitä vaativampi se on.

Just like in English, you can drop the verbs entirely for snappy, general statements.

Actions and Adverbs

You can use comparative adverbs like enemmän (more) or aikaisemmin (earlier) to describe how the intensity or timing of an action affects the outcome.

The more you procrastinate, the more the exam makes you nervous.
Mitä enemmän viivyttelet, sitä enemmän tentti jännittää sinua.
The earlier you start, the better the performance is.
Mitä aikaisemmin aloitat, sitä parempi suoritus on.

Study Vocabulary in Practice

Here is how new academic vocabulary—like lähde (source) and kirjallisuus (literature)—looks in the proportional structure and in standard sentences.

The more reliable the source is, the better.
Mitä luotettavampi lähde on, sitä parempi.
The more you read literature, the more rewarding it is.
Mitä enemmän luet kirjallisuutta, sitä palkitsevampaa se on.
I read the introduction because of the demanding exam.
Luen johdannon vaativan tentin takia.