Onto and to someone (-lle)

The Allative Case: "To Someone"

In Finnish, when you give, send, or tell something to a person, you use the allative case. You form this by adding the suffix -lle to the end of the noun.

When you want to ask "to whom?", you use the question word kenelle.

to whom
kenelle
Who do you send the package to?
Kenelle sinä lähetät paketin?
I tell the answer to the teacher.
Minä kerron vastauksen opettajalle.
He sends a letter to a friend.
Hän lähettää kirjeen ystävälle.

Communication Verbs

Many communication verbs, like soittaa (to call) and näyttää (to show), also require the receiver to take the -lle ending.

Who is mother calling now?
Kenelle äiti soittaa nyt?
I will call the customer tomorrow.
Minä soitan huomenna asiakkaalle.
The teacher shows the picture to the student.
Opettaja näyttää kuvan opiskelijalle.

Moving "Onto" a Surface

The -lle ending is also used to describe movement onto a surface. If you put a book on a shelf, or if a cat jumps onto a shelf (hylly), the shelf takes the -lle suffix.

The cat jumps onto the shelf.
Kissa hyppää hyllylle.
I leave the book on the shelf.
Minä jätän kirjan hyllylle.

Remember that words ending in -nen, like lautanen (plate), change their stem to -se- before adding the suffix. So, lautanen becomes lautaselle (onto the plate).

I leave the food on the plate.
Minä jätän ruoan lautaselle.

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