Building the Teens
To build numbers from 11 to 19, simply take the base number from 1 to 9 and add the suffix -toista.
- 3: kolme → 13: kolmetoista
- 5: viisi → 15: viisitoista
- 8: kahdeksan → 18: kahdeksantoista
Building the Tens
To make multiples of ten from 20 to 90, add the suffix -kymmentä to the base number.
- 3: kolme → 30: kolmekymmentä
- 5: viisi → 50: viisikymmentä
- 8: kahdeksan → 80: kahdeksankymmentä
Remember the rule for counting in Finnish: any number greater than one requires the following noun to be in the partitive case (usually adding -a or -ä to the end).
Let's see some sentences contrasting the teens and tens. Notice how nouns like pöytä (table) and ystävä (friend) take the partitive ending.
| There are eleven tables and thirty chairs in the class. | Luokassa on yksitoista pöytää ja kolmekymmentä tuolia. |
| There are fifty trees and fifteen birds in the park. | Puistossa on viisikymmentä puuta ja viisitoista lintua. |
| I have eighteen friends, but he has eighty. | Minulla on kahdeksantoista ystävää, mutta hänellä on kahdeksankymmentä. |
A Hundred and a Thousand
The words for one hundred and one thousand are:
- 100: sata
- 1000: tuhat
Just like other numbers, they require the following noun to be in the partitive case.
| I have thirty euros, but the bag costs a hundred euros. | Minulla on kolmekymmentä euroa, mutta laukku maksaa sata euroa. |
Asking About Quantities and Prices
When asking questions about how much something costs or how many items there are, apply the exact same rules.
| Does that hat cost forty euros? | Maksaako tuo hattu neljäkymmentä euroa? |
| Do you have seventeen or seventy euros? | Onko teillä seitsemäntoista vai seitsemänkymmentä euroa? |
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