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Finnish

English uses "how" to ask about both the *manner* of an action ("how do you do that?") and the *degree* of something ("how much?", "how short?"). Finnish commonly uses **miten** for manner and **kuinka** for degree.

### Asking "In What Way" (Miten)

Use **miten** to ask by what method an action is performed. 

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### Asking "To What Extent" (Kuinka)

Use **kuinka** to ask about amounts or measurements. It is usually paired directly with an adjective or adverb, such as *kallis* (expensive), *paljon* (a lot), or *usein* (often).

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Asking how (miten, kuinka)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Negative possession (ei ole)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Question	Answer
How do we cut the hair?	Miten leikkaamme hiukset?
haircut	leikkaus
How expensive is this haircut?	Kuinka kallis tämä leikkaus on?
end (top of a tree)	latva
How do you treat these ends?	Miten hoidat nämä latvat?
Do you cut all the ends?	Leikkaatko kaikki latvat?
to shorten	lyhentää
How much do you want to shorten it?	Kuinka paljon haluat lyhentää?
Why are you shortening the bangs?	Miksi lyhennät otsatukkaa?
shade	sävy
How do you choose the right shade?	Miten valitset oikean sävyn?
What shade is this?	Mikä sävy tämä on?
to style	muotoilla
How can I style the hair at home?	Miten voin muotoilla hiukset kotona?
How often do you style your hair?	Kuinka usein muotoilet hiukset?
hairspray	hiuslakka
How do you use hairspray?	Miten käytät hiuslakkaa?
How much does hairspray cost?	Kuinka paljon hiuslakka maksaa?
parting	jakaus
How do you do the parting?	Miten teet jakauksen?
How straight is the parting?	Kuinka suora jakaus on?
to comb	kammata
How must I comb this hair?	Miten minun täytyy kammata nämä hiukset?
Do you comb the hair, even though it is short?	Kampaatko hiukset, vaikka ne ovat lyhyet?
root	tyvi
How do we dye the roots?	Miten värjäämme tyven?
How long are the roots?	Kuinka pitkä tyvi on?
hairstyle	kampaus
When is this hairstyle ready?	Milloin tämä kampaus on valmis?
How do you do this beautiful hairstyle?	Miten teet tämän kauniin kampauksen?
How short is the new haircut?	Kuinka lyhyt uusi leikkaus on?