Breakdown of پادشاه گلستان زیبایی ساخت.
زیباzibâ
beautiful
ساختنsâkhtan
to build
پادشاهpâdeshâh
king
گلستانgolestân
flower garden
Questions & Answers about پادشاه گلستان زیبایی ساخت.
The translation says "a beautiful flower garden". Why is the indefinite suffix attached to the adjective زیبایی instead of the noun گلستان?
In Farsi, when an indefinite noun is modified by an adjective, the indefinite suffix -i goes at the very end of the whole noun phrase. So instead of گلستانی زیبا, it becomes گلستان زیبایی. The first ی acts as a bridge letter because زیبا ends in a long vowel.
گلستان زیبایی is the direct object of the sentence. Why isn't there a را after it?
The object marker را is only used for definite direct objects (like "the garden" or "that garden"). Since the king built a beautiful flower garden (which is indefinite), the را is omitted.
How does the word گلستان literally break down?
It combines گل (flower or rose) with the suffix ستان (place of / land of). So it literally means "a place of flowers." You see this same suffix in words like بیمارستان (hospital) and country names like انگلستان (England).
Why doesn't the verb ساخت have a personal ending for the third-person singular?
In Farsi, the third-person singular (he/she/it) in the simple past tense is always just the bare past stem of the verb. The past stem of ساختن (to build) is ساخت, and because the subject is پادشاه (the king), no extra ending is added.