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Questions & Answers about ایشان روسیاند.
Why do we use ishân here instead of ânhâ for "they"?
Both mean "they", but ishân is used strictly for people and carries a formal, polite, or respectful tone. ânhâ is more general—it can be used for people, animals, or objects, and is much more common in casual, everyday speech.
Where is the verb "are" in this sentence?
The verb is attached to the very end of the sentence as a suffix! In Farsi, short "to be" verbs are often glued to the word right before them (this is called an enclitic copula). Because the subject is "they" (ishân), we use the matching plural suffix -and to mean "are".
Why is there an extra letter "alef" (ا) written before the -and ending in روسیاند?
The word rusi ends in a vowel sound ("i"). When attaching the -and suffix to a word that ends in a vowel, Farsi adds an alef (ا) to keep the vowel sounds from blending together. It is typically typed with a "half-space" so the letters don't physically connect, making it much easier to read.
Does rusi mean the country, the language, or the nationality?
Here it means the nationality ("Russian"). Just like in English, rusi can be used to describe a person from Russia or the Russian language. If you wanted to talk about the country itself, you would use the word rusiye.