To describe when something happens relative to another event, Farsi uses two simple prepositions: قبل از (before) and بعد از (after).
قبل از (Before)
To say that something happens before an event, use قبل از followed directly by a noun or pronoun. Because از (from/of) acts as the connecting preposition, you do not need an Ezafe vowel to link it to the next word:
| We go to the restaurant before the concert. | ما قبل از کنسرت به رستوران میرویم.mâ qabl az konsert be resturân miravim. |
| The lecture is held before the festival. | سخنرانی قبل از جشنواره برگزار میشود.sokhanrâni qabl az jashnvâre bargozâr mishavad. |
| The actors go on stage before the show. | بازیگرها قبل از نمایش روی صحنه میروند.bâzigarhâ qabl az namâyesh ruye sahne miravand. |
بعد از (After)
Similarly, use بعد از to say "after". The structure is exactly the same:
| Do you see the professor after the lecture? | آیا بعد از سخنرانی استاد را میبینید؟âyâ ba'd az sokhanrâni ostâd râ mibinid? |
| The spectators leave the hall after the show. | تماشاگرها بعد از نمایش سالن را ترک میکنند.tamâshâgarhâ ba'd az namâyesh sâlon râ tark mikonand. |
| I see the actors after the performance. | من بعد از اجرا بازیگران را میبینم.man ba'd az ejrâ bâzigarân râ mibinam. |
You can pair these prepositions with simple event names or use them with longer descriptive phrases:
| They start the concert after a long delay. | آنها کنسرت را بعد از یک تاخیر طولانی شروع میکنند.ânhâ konsert râ ba'd az yek tâkhir tulâni shoru' mikonand. |
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