Concluding discourse markers (dar majmu', be tor-e kholâse)

Summarizing and Concluding

In professional settings, whether you are wrapping up a project or delivering an executive summary, you need clear signals to bring your thoughts to a close. Farsi uses several formal discourse markers at the beginning of a concluding clause to summarize what has been discussed.

"Overall"

The phrase در مجموع translates to "overall" or "altogether."

"In Summary"

To condense a complex topic or briefly evaluate a strategy, use به‌طور خلاصه (in summary / in short). Just like in English, place it at the start of your sentence.

"On the Whole"

To show you have weighed various factors before reaching a conclusion, use روی‌هم‌رفته (on the whole).

Delivering Final Verdicts

Placing these markers at the beginning of your wrap-up statement instantly signals that your final, most important point is about to be delivered.