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Danish

### The Group Genitive

In English, when you want to show that something belongs to a phrase rather than a single noun, you put the possessive "'s" at the very end of the phrase (for example, "the Queen of England's crown"). Danish does exactly the same thing using its possessive **-s**. This is called the group genitive (*gruppegenitiv*).

Instead of adding the **-s** to the main person, you attach it directly to the last word of the descriptive phrase. For example, in the phrase "the woman from the ground floor," the **-s** attaches to "the ground floor."

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### Shared Ownership

The group genitive is also used when two people share ownership of something. Instead of adding an **-s** to both people, you treat "person A and person B" as a single descriptive group. The possessive **-s** only attaches to the final person in the phrase.

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### Community Relationships

You will often use the group genitive when talking about roles and relationships in a neighborhood, apartment building, or housing association. Whether you are talking about the owner of a property or the chairman of a board, the **-s** always waits patiently for the very end of the title.

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The group genitive (-s)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite nouns and the copula (-en, -et, er)

Indefinite articles (en, et)

Present tense verbs and word order (-r)

Plural subject pronouns (vi, I, de)

The verb to have (har)

Yes/No questions

Wh-questions (hvad, hvem, hvor)

Main clause negation (ikke)

Regular noun plurals (-er, -r)

Short noun plurals (-e)

Definite plurals (-ne)

Neuter adjective agreement (-t)

Plural adjective agreement (-e)

Adjectives with indefinite nouns

Adjectives with definite nouns (den / det / de ... -e)

Numbers 1 to 10

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Expressing age (er ... år)

Genitive possession (-s)

Singular possessives (min, din)

Third-person possessives (hans, hendes)

Plural possessives (vores, jeres, deres)

Reflexive possessives (sin, sit, sine)

Singular object pronouns (mig, dig)

Plural object pronouns (os, jer, dem)

The infinitive marker (at)

The modal verb can (kan)

The modal verb want to (vil)

The modal verb must (skal)

Negating modal verbs

Inversion after adverbs

Prepositions of position (i, på)

Prepositions of direction (til, fra)

Days of the week (mandag, tirsdag...)

Months of the year (januar, februar...)

Telling time (hel, halv, kvart)

Coordinating conjunctions (og, men, eller)

Subordinating conjunctions (at, fordi)

Subordinate clause negation

Commands (køb, vent, spis)

Zero-ending neuter plurals

The Human Body: Head and Face

The Human Body: Limbs and Torso

Personal Hygiene

Digital Life

Tools and Hardware

Emergency and Safety

Common Materials

Money and Payments

Short answers (Ja, det gør jeg)

Greetings (hej, godmorgen, farvel)

Thanks and apologies (tak, undskyld)

Jobs and nationalities (Hun er lærer)

Likes and dislikes (kan godt lide)

Somebody and something (nogen, noget, ingen)

How much? (meget, lidt, mere, nok)

With, by, over and under (med, ved, over, under)

Ordinals and dates (den første april)

Wishes for every occasion (tillykke, god bedring)

Times of day (om morgenen, om aftenen)

My day (stå op, gå i seng)

Past tense I: -ede and -te (i går)

My new hat (min nye hat, små, gamle)

Past tense II: irregular verbs (var, havde, gik)

Reacting in a conversation (nå, det lyder godt)

The family and irregular plurals (mænd, børn, fødder)

In the shop (Hvad koster det?)

Demonstratives: that and those (den, det, de)

Demonstratives: this and these (denne, dette, disse)

Adverbs of manner (-t)

Comparing things (-ere, end)

Superlative adjectives (-est)

Definite superlative adjectives (-este)

Irregular adjective comparison

Comparing long adjectives (mere, mest)

The reflexive pronoun (sig)

Reflexive verbs

Reciprocal verbs (-s)

Deponent verbs (-s)

Past opinions (syntes)

Present perfect tense with regular verbs (har... -et/-t)

Present perfect tense with irregular verbs (har...)

Present perfect tense with movement (er...)

Past perfect tense (havde / var...)

Question	Answer
the ground floor	stueetagen
the pram	barnevognen
shared	fælles
the hallway	gangen
It is the woman from the ground floor's pram that is standing in the shared hallway.	Det er kvinden fra stueetagens barnevogn som står i den fælles gang.
the board (of directors)	bestyrelsen
the permission	tilladelsen
We do not have the chairman of the board's permission yet.	Vi har ikke formanden for bestyrelsens tilladelse endnu.
the courtyard (at the back)	baggården
the lawnmower	græsslåmaskinen
The boy from the courtyard's lawnmower makes a lot of noise.	Drengen fra baggårdens græsslåmaskine larmer meget.
My uncle and aunt's apartment is located on the ground floor.	Min onkel og tantes lejlighed ligger i stueetagen.
the caretaker	viceværten
The caretaker is tidying up in the shared courtyard.	Viceværten går og rydder op i den fælles baggård.
the property	ejendommen
We borrow the owner of the property's lawnmower because we have nothing.	Vi låner ejeren af ejendommens græsslåmaskine fordi vi ingenting har.
We are waiting for the owner of the pram's permission.	Vi venter på ejeren af barnevognens tilladelse.
One must not put everything in the shared hallway without the chairman of the board's permission.	Man må ikke stille alting i den fælles gang uden formanden for bestyrelsens tilladelse.
It is probably the girl from the ground floor's key.	Det er nok pigen fra stueetagens nøgle.
the postman	postbuddet
The postman cannot find the nurse from the ground floor's mailbox.	Postbuddet kan ikke finde sygeplejersken fra stueetagens postkasse.
The chairman of the board's wife often talks with the caretaker.	Formanden for bestyrelsens kone snakker ofte med viceværten.
The postman is looking at the woman from the courtyard's dog.	Postbuddet ser på kvinden fra baggårdens hund.
The man and the woman's shared pram is standing in front of the property.	Manden og kvindens fælles barnevogn står foran ejendommen.