Questions & Answers about فاض قلب مريم شوقا.
Why is شوقا in the accusative case ending with -an instead of using a preposition like "with longing"?
This is the Accusative of Specification (التمييز). After verbs expressing filling, increasing, or overflowing like فاض (to overflow), Arabic does not usually use a preposition. Instead, the noun explaining exactly what is overflowing is put in the accusative case, which is why شوقا (longing) takes the -an ending.
Why is the verb فاض masculine when the sentence is about Maryam?
The subject of the verb is قلب (heart), which is a masculine noun in Arabic. The verb always agrees with the grammatical gender of the subject itself, not the person who owns it.
Since Maryam owns the heart, shouldn't مريم be in the genitive case with a kasra (-i) ending?
How do I know the root of the hollow verb فاض so I can look it up in a dictionary?
فاض is a hollow verb with an alif in the middle. To find its true root, you can look at its present tense form يفيض (it overflows) or its verbal noun فيضان (flood). This reveals that the hidden middle root letter is a yaa, so you would look it up under faa-yaa-daad.
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