Breakdown of شكلت لجنة جديدة بعد الجلسة.
الal
the
جديدjadeed
new
بعدba'da
after
شكلshakkala
to form
لجنةlajna
committee
جلسةjalsa
session
Questions & Answers about شكلت لجنة جديدة بعد الجلسة.
Why is the verb شكلت (was formed) in the feminine form?
In a passive sentence, the original object takes the place of the subject and becomes the proxy subject. Here, the proxy subject is لجنة (committee), which is a feminine word. The passive verb must agree with this new proxy subject in gender, so it takes the feminine ending ـت.
If I read this sentence with full case endings (tashkeel), what ending does لجنة جديدة take?
They both take the nominative case ending, which is a damma (or dammatayn for indefinite words: لجنةٌ جديدةٌ). Even though the committee receives the action, as the proxy subject in a passive sentence, it takes the nominative case that usually belongs to the active subject. The adjective جديدة simply copies this case.
How do I know شكلت is passive just by looking at it, if there are no short vowels written?
Without short vowels, context is your main clue. The root is ش ك ل. In Form II, the active is شَكَّلَ (he formed) and the passive is شُكِّلَ (it was formed). Because a committee usually doesn't form things on its own, but rather is formed by people, the passive reading شُكِّلَتْ is the only logical choice.
Why couldn't الجلسة (the session) be the proxy subject here?
The word الجلسة comes directly after بعد (after), which is a time word that forces the following noun into the genitive case (majrur) as part of an idafa (possessive) structure. A proxy subject must be in the nominative case (marfu'), so the role naturally falls to لجنة instead.
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