Breakdown of الطلاب الذين تدربوا نجحوا في الامتحان.
الal
the
طالبtâlib
student
امتحانimtihân
exam
نجح فيnajaha fi
to succeed in
الذينalladhîna
who (m. pl.)
تدربtadarraba
to train
Questions & Answers about الطلاب الذين تدربوا نجحوا في الامتحان.
How can I recognize that تدربوا is a Form V verb?
Look at the beginning and the middle! Form V verbs in the past tense start with the prefix تـ and have a shadda (a doubled consonant) on the middle root letter. The root here is د-ر-ب, so the base verb is تدرّب (he trained). The ـوا at the end just makes it plural (they).
Why do both تدربوا and نجحوا end with the ـوا suffix?
Because they both come after their subject, الطلاب (the students). In Arabic, when a verb follows the subject, it must fully match it in gender and number. Since the subject is masculine plural, both verbs need the masculine plural past-tense suffix ـوا (they).
The translation says passed the exam, so why does the Arabic use the word في (in)?
The verb نجح literally means to succeed. In Arabic, you cannot directly pass an exam; instead, you succeed in it. That is why you must use the preposition في before الامتحان.
Why is the word for who الذين instead of من or الذي?
The word من is a question word meaning who?, so it cannot be used to connect sentences. To say the students who..., you need a relative pronoun. Because الطلاب is plural and masculine, you must use the matching plural pronoun الذين, rather than the singular الذي.
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