Questions & Answers about نشرة الطقس مهمة.
Why doesn't نشرة (report) have "al-" (الـ) at the beginning if the translation says "the weather report"?
This is an Idaafa (possessive construction) which literally translates to "the report of the weather". In an Idaafa, the first word (نشرة) never takes the definite article "al-". It becomes definite automatically because the second word, الطقس, has "al-".
Why is مهمة (important) feminine when the word right before it, الطقس (weather), is masculine?
مهمة is the predicate of the sentence describing the main subject, which is the report (نشرة), not the weather. Because نشرة is a feminine word (it ends in the feminine marker taa marbuta, ة), the word describing it must also be feminine.
There is no verb in this sentence. How do we know it means "is important"?
Arabic doesn't use a present tense verb for "to be" (like "is" or "are"). This is a basic nominal sentence (a sentence starting with a noun). Simply putting the subject (نشرة الطقس) and the information about it (مهمة) side by side creates the meaning "is".
Since we are learning about particles like لعل (perhaps) and كأن (as if), how would this sentence look if I added لعل to the beginning?