Breakdown of هل أنت متعب الآن؟
هلhal
is / are (question marker)
الآنal-ân
now
أنتanta
you (singular)
متعبmuta'ab
tired
Questions & Answers about هل أنت متعب الآن؟
Where is the word for "are" in this sentence?
In Arabic, there is no direct equivalent for "is" or "are" in present tense sentences. The statement "you are tired" is simply أنت متعب. To make it a question, you just add the question word هل at the beginning!
How does هل compare to English question words?
هل is a special particle used to turn a statement into a yes/no question. While English changes the word order or adds filler words like "do", "does", or "are", Arabic keeps the exact same sentence structure and just places هل right at the start.
How would I ask this exact question to a woman?
You would need to make two changes for a female listener. The pronoun أنت (anta) changes to أنتِ (anti), and the adjective متعب (mut'ab) needs the feminine ending to become متعبة (mut'aba). The full sentence would be هل أنتِ متعبة الآن؟.
What is the wavy line above the first letter in الآن (now)?
That symbol is called a madda. It acts as a spelling shortcut for a glottal stop (the tiny catch in your throat before a vowel, like in "uh-oh") followed by a long "aa" vowel sound. Because of this, الآن is pronounced "al-aan".