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To talk about dimensions, quantities, and the weather in Arabic, you will need a specialized set of vocabulary to describe weights and measurements.

### Measuring and Weighing

A general word for a "measurement" or "size" is قياس.

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When checking the weight of an object, you place it on a ميزان (scale). For cooking and smaller items, the standard unit is the غرام (gram).

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### Length and Dimensions

For short lengths, Arabic uses borrowed metric terms like سنتيمتر (centimeter) and مليمتر (millimeter). Even though they are foreign loanwords, they follow standard Arabic grammar rules when counted with numbers.

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To describe the physical proportions of a landscape or an object, use nouns like ارتفاع (height) for how tall it is, and عمق (depth) for how deep it goes.

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### Temperature and Distance

The word for "degree" is درجة. It is used for both angles and temperature.

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To specify that a temperature is in the Celsius scale, add the adjective مئوي. Because درجة is feminine, the adjective must match it in gender, becoming مئوية.

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Finally, while the metric system is most common, long distances can also be measured using a ميل (mile).

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Weights & Measurements

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
measurement	قياسqiyâs
Maryam took my height measurement.	أخذت مريم قياس طولي.akhadhat maryamu qiyâsa tûlî
What is the measurement of this pink shoe?	ما قياس هذا الحذاء الوردي؟mâ qiyâsu hâdhâ l-hidhâ'i l-wardiyy?
scale	ميزانmizân
Put the apples on this grey scale.	ضع التفاح على هذا الميزان الرمادي.da'i t-tuffâha 'alâ hâdha l-mîzâni r-ramâdiyyi
gram	غرامgirâm
The weight of both cats on the scale is a thousand grams.	وزن كلتا القطتين على الميزان ألف غرام.waznu kiltâ al-qittatayni alâ al-mizâni alfu ghirâmin
Ahmed needs a hundred grams of sugar.	يحتاج أحمد إلى مئة غرام من السكر.yahtâju ahmadu ilâ mi'ati ghirâmin mina as-sukkari.
centimeter	سنتيمترsantimitr
The length of this paper is twenty centimeters.	طول هذه الورقة عشرون سنتيمترا.tûlu hâdhihi l-waraqati 'ishrûna santîmitran
She is taller than you by five centimeters.	هي أطول منك بخمسة سنتيمترات.hiya atwalu minka bikhamsati santimitrâtin
millimeter	مليمترmilliimitr
The length of this insect is only one millimeter.	طول هذه الحشرة مليمتر واحد فحسب.tûlu hâdhihil-hasharati millîmitrun wâhidun fahasbu
There are ten millimeters in a centimeter.	يوجد عشرة مليمترات في السنتيمتر.yûjadu 'asharatu milimitrâtin fî as-santîmitri
height	ارتفاعirtifâ'
What is the height of this mountain?	ما هو ارتفاع هذا الجبل؟mâ huwa irtifâ'u hâdhâ al-jabali
The height of this table is suitable.	ارتفاع هذه الطاولة مناسب.irtifâ'u hâdhihi aṭ-ṭâwilati munâsibun
depth	عمقumq
The depth of this river is two meters.	عمق هذا النهر متران.'umqu hâdhâ an-nahri mitrâni
Maryam does not know the depth of the sea here.	لا تعرف مريم عمق البحر هنا.lâ ta'rifu maryamu 'umqa l-bahri hunâ
degree	درجةdaraja
The temperature decreased ten degrees during the night.	انخفضت الحرارة عشر درجات خلال الليل.inkhafadati l-harârâtu ashra darajâtin khilâla llayli
How beautiful this day is! The temperature is twenty degrees.	ما أجمل هذا اليوم! الحرارة عشرون درجة.mâ ajmala hâdhâ l-yawma! al-harâratu ishrûna darajatan.
Celsius	مئويmi'awiyy
The temperature now is thirty-five degrees Celsius.	الحرارة الآن خمس وثلاثون درجة مئوية.al-harâratu al-âna khamsun wa-thalâthûna darajatan mi'awiyyatan
The ice melted at one degree Celsius.	ذاب الثلج عند درجة مئوية واحدة.thâba ath-thalju 'inda darajatin mi'awiyyatin wâhidah
mile	ميلmîl
Fatima walked for a week, a distance of a hundred miles.	مشت فاطمة لمدة أسبوع، مسافة مئة ميل.mashat fâtimatu limuddati usbû'in, masâfata mi'ati mîlin
The hospital is two miles farther from here.	المستشفى أبعد من هنا بميلين.al-mustashfâ ab'adu min hunâ bimîlayn.

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