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### Emphasizing the Subject (SVO Word Order)

In Arabic, sentences describing an action usually start with the verb (Verb-Subject-Object). However, you can change the word order to Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) to emphasize the subject or to establish it as the main topic of your sentence.

When you start the sentence with a noun, it technically becomes a "nominal sentence" in Arabic grammar.

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### Talking about Weather and Seasons

This topicalized word order is frequently used when setting a scene, describing a state, or talking about general facts, making it perfect for discussing the weather and the seasons.

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### Verb Agreement in Topicalized Sentences

When you use the standard Verb-Subject order, the verb stays singular even if the subject is plural. However, in this Subject-Verb order, the verb comes *after* the noun. Because of this, the verb must fully agree with the subject in both gender **and number**.

If you start your sentence with a plural subject, you must use a plural verb.

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Topicalized sentences (SVO)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Expressing purpose (لـ)

Question	Answer
rain	مطرmatar
to fall / to go down	نزلnazala
The rain is falling now.	المطر ينزل الآن.al-mataru yanzilu al-ân
snow / ice	ثلجthalj
winter	شتاءshitâ'
The snow falls in the winter.	الثلج ينزل في الشتاء.ath-thalju yanzilu fish-shitâ'i
to wear	لبسlabisa
The man wears heavy clothes in the winter.	الرجل يلبس ملابس ثقيلة في الشتاء.ar-rajulu yalbasu malâbisa thaqîlatan fi ash-shitâ'i
The boy plays in the snow.	الولد يلعب في الثلج.al-waladu yalabu fi ath-thalji
weather	جوjaww
summer	صيفsayf
The weather is hot in the summer.	الجو حار في الصيف.al-jawwu hârrun fis-sayfi
season	فصلfasl
The family travels in the summer season.	العائلة تسافر في فصل الصيف.al-â'ilatu tusâfiru fî fasli as-sayfi.
spring	ربيعrabî'
Spring is a beautiful season.	الربيع فصل جميل.ar-rabee'u faslun jameelun
The friends sit in the garden in the spring.	الأصدقاء يجلسون في الحديقة في الربيع.al-asdiqâ'u yajlisûna fî al-hadîqati fî ar-rabî'
The woman watches the snow from the window.	المرأة تشاهد الثلج من النافذة.al-mar'atu tushâhidu ath-thalja mina an-nâfidhah
autumn	خريفkharîf
The girl wears new clothes in the autumn.	البنت تلبس ملابس جديدة في الخريف.al-bintu talbasu malâbisa jadîdatan fî al-kharîfi.
The rain falls in the autumn too.	المطر ينزل في الخريف أيضا.al-maṭaru yanzilu fî al-kharîfi ayḍan.
The weather is cold; the boy wears heavy clothes.	الجو بارد، الولد يلبس ملابس ثقيلة.al-jawwu bâridun, al-waladu yalbasu malâbisa thaqîlatan.