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To express that two items are "the same" in Arabic, we use the word نفس (which can also mean "self" or "soul").

### The "Same" Structure

To say "the same [noun]", place نفس directly before a definite noun. This forms an *Idafa* (possessive) construction:
- Start with نفس.
- Follow it with a definite noun (usually taking the definite article الـ).

Because نفس acts as the first term of the Idafa in this structure, it never takes the definite article itself.

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### Working with Prepositions

When you use prepositions or need to change the grammatical role of the phrase, these changes apply directly to نفس, not the noun that follows it. The noun remains the second term of the Idafa.

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### Spotting the Fake

When discussing counterfeit goods and imitations, you will also need specific vocabulary to describe distinguishing the real from the fake, and avoiding being tricked.

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The same (نفس)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
to imitate	قلدqallada
scammer	محتالmuhtâl
commercial	تجاريtijâriyy
The scammer imitated the same trademark.	قلد المحتال نفس العلامة التجارية.qallada al-muhtâlu nafsa al-'alâmati at-tijâriyyah
brand	ماركةmârka
imitation	تقليدtaqlîd
You either buy the same brand, or you buy an imitation.	إما أن تشتري نفس الماركة أو تشتري تقليدا.immâ an tashtariya nafsa al-mârkati aw tashtariya taqlîdan.
Does the fake shoe have the same brand?	هل للحذاء المزيف نفس الماركة؟hal lilhidhâ'i almuzayyafi nafsu almârkati?
logo	شعارshi'âr
We will not buy the fake bag although it has the same logo.	لن نشتري الحقيبة المزيفة بالرغم من أن لها نفس الشعار.lan nashtariya alhaqibata almuzayyafata birraghmi min anna laha nafsa ashshiar.
texture	ملمسmalmas
The imitation has the same texture, in addition to the same color.	للتقليد نفس الملمس بالإضافة إلى نفس اللون.littaqlîdi nafsu al-malmasi bil-'idâfati ilâ nafsi al-lawni.
to distinguish	ميزmayyaza
Which detail distinguishes the original from the imitation?	أي تفصيل يميز الأصلي عن التقليد؟ayyu tafsîlin yumayyizu al-asliyya 'ani at-taqlîdi
The company imitated the commercial design to sell the goods.	قلدت الشركة التصميم التجاري لكي تبيع البضاعة.qalladati ash-sharikatu at-tasmima at-tijariyya likay tabi'a al-bidâ'ah
cautious	حذرhadhir
The customer must be cautious in order to distinguish the fake product.	يجب أن تكون الزبونة حذرة لكي تميز المنتج المزيف.yajibu an takuna az-zabunatu hadhiratan likay tumayyiza al-muntaja al-muzayyafa
to be deceived	انخدعinkhada'a
Do not be deceived, because the texture of the fabric is completely different.	لا تنخدع لأن ملمس القماش مختلف تماما.lâ tankhadi' li'anna malmasa l-qumâshi mukhtalifun tamâman.
The smart customer will not be deceived by this scammer.	لن تنخدع الزبونة الذكية بهذا المحتال.lan tankhadi'a az-zabûnatu adh-dhakiyyatu bihâdhâ al-muhtâl.
Be cautious when you see the same logo on a cheap shirt.	كوني حذرة عندما ترين نفس الشعار على قميص رخيص.kûnî khadhiratan 'indamâ tarayna nafsa ash-shi'âri 'alâ qamîsin rakhîsin