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### The Accusative Case (المنصوب)

In previous lessons, we covered the Nominative (subject) and Genitive (after prepositions or in possession chains) cases. Now, we complete the core formal case endings with the Accusative case.

The Accusative case primarily marks the **direct object** of a sentence—the noun that directly receives the action of a verb. 

When an indefinite noun is a direct object, it takes the doubled vowel ending ـً (Tanwin Fatha). Unlike the other case endings, Tanwin Fatha typically requires adding an extra Alif (ـا) to the end of the word to support it.

{{item:1120441}}

{{item:1120442}}

In the sentence above, the subject (الموظف) is Nominative, while the indefinite direct object takes the Accusative Tanwin Fatha and its supporting Alif (توقيعا).

### Exceptions to the Extra Alif

While most indefinite words in the Accusative case add an Alif, words ending in a Ta Marbuta (ة) do not. The Tanwin Fatha is written directly over the Ta Marbuta.

{{item:1120445}}

{{item:1120451}}

Notice how words like "form" and "copy" just take the ـً ending without an additional letter.

### Definite Nouns in the Accusative

If the direct object is definite (for example, if it starts with "ال"), it does not take Tanwin. Instead, it is marked by a single short vowel ـَ (Fatha) on the final letter.

{{item:1120455}}

If a direct object is the first word of a possession chain (Idafa), it also takes a single Fatha, while the second word takes the Genitive case as usual.

{{item:1120458}}

By combining these rules, you can express complex administrative requests with precise grammatical cases:

{{item:1120462}}

### Seeing the endings

Of the three accusative endings, only one is visible without vowel marks: the alif of **ـًا** (توقيعا). The others are heard, not seen:

| as written | fully vocalized |
|---|---|
| طلب الموظف توقيعا. | طَلَبَ المُوَظَّفُ تَوْقِيعًا. |
| ملأ المدير استمارة. | مَلَأَ المُدِيرُ اسْتِمَارَةً. |
| هم دفعوا الرسوم واستلموا التأشيرة. | هُمْ دَفَعُوا الرُّسُومَ وَاسْتَلَمُوا التَّأْشِيرَةَ. |

توقيعًا shows its ending as a letter. On اسْتِمَارَةً the ending sits on the ة, and on the definite الرُّسُومَ it is a single fatha. You hear both, but neither is written in the drills.

The accusative case (ـَ)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Expressing purpose (لـ)

Question	Answer
signature	توقيعtawqî'
The employee requested a signature.	طلب الموظف توقيعا.talaba al-muwazzafu tawqeean.
to fill	ملأmala'a
form	استمارةistimâra
The manager filled out a form.	ملأ المدير استمارة.mala'a al-mudîru istimâratan
to pay	دفعdafa'a
fees	رسومrusûm
I paid fees in the bank today.	دفعت رسوما في البنك اليوم.dafa'tu rusûman fil banki al-yawma
copy / version (of a product)	نسخةnuskha
visa	تأشيرةta'shira
I received a copy of the visa.	استلمت نسخة من التأشيرة.istalamtu nuskhatan mina al-ta'shîrah
stamp (seal)	ختمkhatm
document	وثيقةwathîqa
I want a stamp on the document.	أريد ختما على الوثيقة.urîdu khatman 'alâ al-wathîqah
They paid the fees and received the visa.	هم دفعوا الرسوم واستلموا التأشيرة.hum dafa'û ar-rusûma wastalamû at-ta'shîrata
card	بطاقةbiTâqah
identity	هويةhuwiyya
The employee reads the identity card.	يقرأ الموظف بطاقة الهوية.yaqra'u al-muwazhzhafu bitâqata al-huwiyyati.
I will fill out the form now.	سوف أملأ الاستمارة الآن.sawfa amla'u al-istimârata al-âna
The manager put a stamp on a copy.	وضع المدير ختما على نسخة.wada'a al-mudiru khatman 'ala nuskhatin
Did you find an identity document?	هل وجدت وثيقة هوية؟hal wajadta wathîqata huwiyyatin
He requested a signature and a copy of the card.	طلب توقيعا ونسخة من البطاقة.talaba tawqî'an wa nuskhatan mina al-bitâqati
I do not pay fees for the signature.	لا أدفع رسوما على التوقيع.lâ adfa'u rusûman 'alâ at-tawqî'i

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