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### Introducing Form III Verbs

Form III verbs are created by adding a long Alif (ا) immediately after the first letter of a basic three-letter root.

These verbs usually carry an **interactive** meaning, indicating an action done *with* or *to* someone else. Because they emphasize mutual involvement, you will frequently see Form III verbs in contexts involving diplomacy, dialogue, and international relations.

In the past tense, a Form III verb follows the pattern فاعَلَ.

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### Present Tense of Form III

In the present tense, Form III verbs follow the pattern يُفاعِلُ.

Similar to Form II verbs, there are two important vowel patterns to remember for the present tense:
- The present tense prefix (ي، ت، أ، ن) takes a *damma* ( ُ ).
- The middle root letter takes a *kasra* ( ِ ).

| Tense | Pattern | Example (he negotiates) |
|---|---|---|
| Past | فاعَلَ | فاوَضَ |
| Present | يُفاعِلُ | يُفاوِضُ |

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### Interaction and Other Pronouns

Because Form III verbs inherently involve another party, they typically take a direct object representing the person or group being interacted with.

To conjugate for different subjects, simply attach the standard past or present prefixes and suffixes to the Form III stem.

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Form III verbs (فاعل)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
to negotiate with	فاوضfâwada
ambassador	سفيرsafîr
delegation	وفدwafd
embassy	سفارةsifâra
The ambassador negotiated with the delegation in the embassy.	فاوض السفير الوفد في السفارة.fâwada as-safîru al-wafda fî as-sifârati.
state	دولةdawla
treaty	معاهدةmu'âhada
The state signed a new peace treaty.	وقعت الدولة معاهدة سلام جديدة.waqqa'ati ad-dawlatu mu'âhadata salâmin jadîdatan
to correspond with	راسلrâsala
The ambassador corresponds with the president of the state every day.	يراسل السفير رئيس الدولة كل يوم.yurâsilu assafîru ra'îsa addawlati kulla yawmin.
to face	واجهwâjaha
The delegation is facing a problem in the embassy.	يواجه الوفد مشكلة في السفارة.yuwâjihu-l-wafdu mushkilatan fî-s-sifârati
to dialogue with	حاورhâwara
The ambassador dialogued with the minister of state in the palace.	حاور السفير وزير الدولة في القصر.hâwara as-safîru wazîra ad-dawlati fi al-qasri
The minister negotiates with the state's delegation.	يفاوض الوزير وفد الدولة.yufâwidu l-wazîru wafda d-dawlati
relationship	علاقة'alâqah
The president corresponds with the state's ambassador because the relationship is important.	الرئيس يراسل سفير الدولة لأن العلاقة مهمة.ar-ra'îsu yurâsilu safîra ad-dawlati li'anna al-'alâqata muhimmatun.
The ambassador faced a problem before signing the treaty.	واجه السفير مشكلة قبل توقيع المعاهدة.wâjaha as-safîru mushkilatan qabla tawqî'i al-mu'âhadati
We are dialoguing with the delegation about the relationship of the two countries.	نحن نحاور الوفد عن علاقة البلدين.naḥnu nuḥâwiru alwafda 'an 'alâqati albaladayn
Did the embassy face a problem with the delegation?	هل واجهت السفارة مشكلة مع الوفد؟hal wâjahati s-sifâratu mushkilatan ma'a l-wafdi?
The treaty helped the relationship of the two states.	ساعدت المعاهدة علاقة الدولتين.sâ'adati l-mu'âhadatu 'alâqata d-dawlatayn.
The ambassador conversed with his friend and corresponded with the delegation.	حاور السفير صديقه وراسل الوفد.hâwara as-safîru sadîqahu wa-râsala al-wafda.
regarding, about	بشأنbisha'ni
The ambassador negotiated with the delegation about the treaty.	فاوض السفير الوفد بشأن المعاهدة.fâwada as-safîru al-wafda bisha'ni al-mu'âhadati.
I corresponded with the embassy about the visa.	راسلت السفارة بشأن التأشيرة.râsaltu as-sifârata bisha'ni at-ta'shîrati.

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