Definiteness with Quantifiers and Demonstratives

Danish marks "the" with an enclitic suffix glued onto the noun: hushuset ("the house"), bøgerbøgerne ("the books"). The complication at B1 is that quantifiers and demonstratives interfere with that suffix in inconsistent ways. After a demonstrative like denne or a quantifier like hver or mange, the noun stays bare (no suffix). But after begge, hele, and alle, the noun keeps its definite suffix. There is no single rule covering all of them, which is exactly why learners get this wrong — so this page sorts the quantifiers into clear groups, with a reference table to lean on.

Why this is confusing

In a plain noun phrase, Danish puts definiteness on the noun: bilen ("the car"). But a demonstrative or a strong quantifier is itself a kind of "pointing" word, and in many cases it takes over the definiteness, leaving the noun in its bare, suffixless form. The trouble is that Danish is not consistent about which words do this — some take the bare noun, some demand the suffix. English gives you no guidance here because English never glues "the" onto the noun in the first place.

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The mistake to unlearn first is the Norwegian-style "double" pattern *denne bogen. Danish demonstratives take the bare noun: denne bog, not denne bogen. (Norwegian does double-mark — denne boka — so this error is especially tempting if you already know Norwegian. Danish never does.)

Group 1: bare noun (no definite suffix)

Demonstratives and most simple quantifiers take the noun in its indefinite, suffixless form. The pointing word already supplies the definiteness or quantity, so the noun stays bare:

WordMeaningCorrectNot
denne / dette / dissethis / thesedenne bog, disse bøger*denne bogen
hver / hverteach, everyhver dag, hvert år*hver dagen
nogen / noget / noglesome, anynogle bøger*nogle bøgerne
mangemanymange huse*mange husene
fewfå mennesker*få menneskene
de flestemostde fleste biler*de fleste bilerne
flereseveral / moreflere problemer*flere problemerne

Denne bog er meget bedre end den forrige.

This book is much better than the previous one.

Jeg drikker kaffe hver morgen.

I drink coffee every morning.

De fleste danskere cykler til arbejde.

Most Danes cycle to work.

Note that de fleste ("most") already contains the free article de, yet the noun after it still stays bare — a point learners regularly miss, writing *de fleste bilerne.

Group 2: definite noun (suffix kept)

A small but high-frequency set of quantifiers keeps the enclitic definite suffix on the noun. The most important are begge, hele, and alle (with a definite, specific plural):

WordMeaningCorrectEnglish
beggebothbegge bøgerneboth (of) the books
helethe wholehele husetthe whole house
alleall (specific set)alle bøgerneall the books

Begge bøgerne lå på bordet.

Both books were lying on the table.

Hele huset blev malet om i sommer.

The whole house was repainted this summer.

Alle bøgerne i reolen er på dansk.

All the books on the shelf are in Danish.

A subtlety with begge: when you mean "both X" generically rather than "both the specific X," Danish drops the suffix — begge biler ("both cars" in general) vs begge bilerne ("both of the [particular] cars"). And alle + a generic plural also drops the suffix: alle mennesker ("all people, in general") vs alle menneskene ("all the [particular] people"). The presence of the suffix tracks whether you mean a specific, identifiable set.

Alle mennesker har brug for søvn.

All people need sleep. (generic — no suffix)

Alle menneskene i lokalet rejste sig.

All the people in the room stood up. (specific set — suffix kept)

Group 3: the double definite with adjectives and numbers

When you add an attributive adjective or a number to a definite noun, Danish switches to the double-definite construction: a free article den / det / de in front, and the definite (e-)form of the adjective — but the noun then loses its enclitic suffix:

De to store huse blev solgt sidste år.

The two big houses were sold last year. (de + adjective + bare noun)

Den gamle kirke ligger midt i byen.

The old church is in the middle of town.

So definiteness can be carried in three different places depending on the phrase: on the noun alone (huset), by a free article + adjective (det gamle hus), or split across a quantifier and a suffixed noun (alle husene). This is the broader pattern that the double-definiteness page treats in full.

Quick reference

PatternNoun formExample
denne / dette / dissebaredenne bog
hver / hvertbarehver dag
nogle / mange / få / flerebaremange huse
de flestebarede fleste biler
begge (specific)definite suffixbegge bøgerne
heledefinite suffixhele huset
alle (specific set)definite suffixalle bøgerne
den/det/de + adjectivebare (double definite)de store huse

Common Mistakes

❌ Denne bogen er spændende.

Incorrect — Norwegian-style double marking; Danish demonstratives take the bare noun.

✅ Denne bog er spændende.

This book is exciting.

❌ Hver dagen tager jeg toget.

Incorrect — hver takes a bare noun.

✅ Hver dag tager jeg toget.

Every day I take the train.

❌ De fleste bilerne er elbiler.

Incorrect — de fleste takes a bare noun despite the free article de.

✅ De fleste biler er elbiler.

Most cars are electric cars.

❌ Begge bøger lå på bordet.

Incorrect for 'both THE [specific] books' — needs the definite suffix.

✅ Begge bøgerne lå på bordet.

Both books were lying on the table.

❌ Alle bøger i reolen er på dansk.

Incorrect for a specific, identifiable set — needs the definite suffix.

✅ Alle bøgerne i reolen er på dansk.

All the books on the shelf are in Danish.

Key Takeaways

  • Demonstratives (denne, dette, disse) and the quantifiers hver, nogle, mange, få, flere, de fleste take the bare noun — no suffix.
  • begge, hele, and alle (with a specific set) keep the enclitic definite suffix: begge bøgerne, hele huset, alle bøgerne.
  • The suffix on begge/alle tracks specificity: drop it for generic statements (alle mennesker), keep it for an identifiable set (alle menneskene).
  • Avoid the Norwegian-style pattern *denne bogen — Danish demonstratives never double-mark the noun.
  • Adding an adjective or number triggers the double-definite den/det/de
    • adjective + bare noun.

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Related Topics

  • Definiteness: Special CasesB1Where Danish definiteness surprises English speakers — the definite for body parts and clothing, generic nouns, superlatives, hele, and fixed phrases like på arbejde vs i skolen.
  • Al, Alt, Alle and Hel: All vs WholeB1How to distinguish Danish al/alt/alle ('all') from hel/helt/hele ('whole/entire'), with their gender and number agreement and the 'det hele' idiom.
  • Double Definiteness: With an AdjectiveA2When a definite noun has an adjective, Danish drops the suffix and uses a free article instead — bilen but den røde bil.
  • Quantifiers: Mange, Meget, Få, Al, HeleA2How Danish quantifiers split by countability — mange/få for countable nouns, meget/lidt for mass nouns — plus the agreeing forms of al/alt/alle, hel/helt/hele, and hver/hvert.
  • Articles in Danish: An OverviewA1How Danish marks 'a' and 'the' — the indefinite en/et, the suffixed definite -en/-et/-ne, the free den/det/de used with adjectives, and the zero article — unified as a single choice driven by modification and noun type.