Turkish

The suffixes -Dİk and -(y)EcEk are used when relativizing:


<ol>
	<li>The direct object</li>
	<li>The indirect object or the adverb</li>
	<li>The possessor of a genitive-possesive constituent which is not the subject</li>
	<li>The possessed of a genitive-possesive constituent which is not the subject</li>
</ol>


	The difference between -Dİk and -(y)EcEk is that -(y)EcEk refers to future events,
	whereas -Dİk refers to non-future events, for example events in the past or in the present.
	Just as with -(y)En, adverbs are used to give detailed information about the time an event occurs.



	Clauses with -Dİk and -(y)EcEk are always genitive-possessive constructions.
	Below you can see two sentences where the direct object is relativized.


<table class="ui fixed celled table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Full sentence</th>
 <th>Relativized version</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>(Ben) makale okudum. I read an article.</td>
			<td>(Benim) okuduğum makale The article that I read</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kamil makale okuyor. Kamil is reading an article.</td>
			<td>Kamil'in okuduğu makale The article that Kamil is reading</td>
		</tr>
 </tbody>
</table>


	Note how the subjects of the sentences have become the possessor and the objects of those sentences have become the possessed part in the genitive-possesive constituent. 
	If the subject of the relativized sentence is a pronoun, it can be omitted both in the original sentence, and in its relativized form.



	Below are examples of both -Dİk and -(y)EcEk when relativizing a direct object.


<table class="ui fixed celled table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Full sentence</th>
 <th>Relativized version</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Makaleyi okuyorum. I'm reading the article.</td>
			<td>(Benim) okuduğum makale The article that I am reading/have read</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ödevimi yapacaksın. You will do my homework.</td>
			<td>(Senin) yapacağın ödevim My homework which you will do</td>
		</tr>
 </tbody>
</table> 


	Below are examples of both -Dİk and -(y)EcEk when relativizing an indirect object.


<table class="ui fixed celled table">
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Full sentence</th>
 <th>Relativized version</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>(Biz) mektubu öğretmene vereceğiz. We will give the teacher the letter.</td>
			<td>(Bizim) mektubu vereceğimiz öğretmen The teacher to whom we will give the letter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Çocuklar ayılardan korkarlar. Children are afraid of bears.</td>
			<td>Çocukların korktuğu ayılar The bears that children are afraid of</td>
		</tr>
 </tbody>
</table> 


	Note how the case suffixes on ayılar and öğretmen disappear when in relativized form.

Relative Clauses 4: -Dİk and -EcEk

noun

adjective

determiner

verb

adverb

postposition

interjection

conjunction

pronoun

sentence

phrase

Unknown

NOUN - vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, consonant harmony

NOUN - no vowel harmony, no consonant harmony

VERB - intransitive, passive

VERB - intransitive, non-passive

VERB - transitive, non-causative

VERB - transitive, causative

VERB - ablative

VERB - dative

VERB - locative

VERB - accusative

VERB - intransitive, reciprocal

VERB - intransitive, reflexive

VERB - auxiliary

başvurmak

Breakdown of başvurmak

Usages of başvurmak