Plural nouns Group 1 and 2 (-or, -ar)

Group 1: The -or Ending

Swedish groups its nouns into different patterns for forming plurals. Almost all en-words that end in -a belong to Group 1.

To make a Group 1 noun plural, drop the final -a and replace it with -or.

Indefinite singularIndefinite plural
en blomma (a flower)blommor (flowers)
en klocka (a clock)klockor (clocks)

You will often see plurals paired with words like många (many) and flera (several):

We are buying many flowers today.
Vi köper många blommor idag.
We have several clocks at home.
Vi har flera klockor hemma.

Group 2: The -ar Ending

Another very common plural ending for en-words is -ar. Many en-words that end in a consonant belong to this group.

If the noun already ends in an unstressed -e (like en kudde, a pillow), drop the -e before adding -ar (kuddar). Words ending in -el drop their final e (en spegel becomes speglar).

Indefinite singularIndefinite plural
en båt (a boat)båtar (boats)
en kudde (a pillow)kuddar (pillows)
en spegel (a mirror)speglar (mirrors)

Here are some examples of Group 2 plurals:

We often wash many pillows.
Vi tvättar ofta många kuddar.
Who is buying several boats?
Vem köper flera båtar?
The house has many mirrors.
Huset har många speglar.

Putting It Together

Many sentences will mix and match words from these different noun groups.

We must wash several rugs and pillows.
Vi måste tvätta flera mattor och kuddar.
Many girls and boys often play outside.
Många flickor och pojkar leker ofta ute.