Questions & Answers about Я ничего не видел сквозь грязное окно.
Why is грязное окно in the Accusative case here?
It is because of the preposition сквозь (through). In Russian, сквозь always takes the Accusative case to show the obstacle or medium you are looking or moving through. Because окно is a neuter inanimate noun, its Accusative form looks exactly like its Nominative (dictionary) form, so the adjective грязное remains unchanged too.
Both сквозь and через mean 'through'. Could I use через in this sentence?
You could say через грязное окно, but сквозь fits the context perfectly. Сквозь specifically emphasizes overcoming a physical barrier or peering through a dense medium (like dirt, fog, glass, or heavy rain). Через is a more general way to express crossing from one side to another, such as walking through a doorway or across a street.
Why are there two negative words (ничего and не) right next to each other?
This is a great reminder of the Russian 'double negative' rule. Whenever you use a negative pronoun like ничего (nothing / anything) or никто (nobody), you are grammatically required to also place the negative particle не directly before the verb. Literally, the sentence translates to 'I nothing not saw'.
Why use the imperfective verb видел instead of the perfective увидел?