Breakdown of Мне нужно выучить эти фразы.
этот
this [f: эта, n: это]
мне
to me
выучить
to learn (perfective)
нужно
it is necessary
фраза
phrase
Questions & Answers about Мне нужно выучить эти фразы.
Why do we use выучить here instead of изучить?
Учить (and its perfective form выучить) is used when you are memorizing specific things, like words, phrases, a poem, or a dialogue. Изучать or изучить is for studying a broad subject or academic discipline in depth. Since we are talking about memorizing specific phrases, выучить is the right choice.
Why is it выучить and not just учить?
Выучить is the perfective form of учить. Using the perfective means the goal is to successfully complete the action. The speaker doesn't just want to spend time studying the phrases (учить); they need to get to the point where they have them completely memorized (выучить).
Why does the sentence start with Мне instead of Я?
In Russian, expressing a need with words like нужно or надо requires the person who needs something to be in the dative case. Literally, this translates to 'To me it is necessary', so Я (I) becomes Мне (to me).
What case is эти фразы in?
It is in the accusative case because it is the direct object of the verb выучить (it answers 'what are you memorizing?'). For inanimate plural nouns like фразы, the accusative form looks exactly the same as the nominative dictionary form.
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